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  3. Scientists, conservation organizations and governments trying to stem the tide of extinction often focus efforts on protected ar

Scientists, conservation organizations and governments trying to stem the tide of extinction often focus efforts on protected ar

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问题     Scientists, conservation organizations and governments trying to stem the tide of extinction often focus efforts on protected areas such as national parks and wildlife preserves. But with as many as a million species at risk, this strategy may not be enough to conserve wildlife, especially in a world increasingly disrupted by climate change.
    Slowing the mass extinction that now appears to be underway will require more creative means of coexisting alongside wild plants and animals. A recent study underlines the effectiveness of some such approaches by examining indigenous-managed lands.
    "We show really strongly that, from a biodiversity standpoint in terms of species richness, indigenous-managed lands are at least comparable to protected areas," says biologist Richard Schuster of Carleton University. And in some places, they far surpass parks and preserves—even though indigenous communities may utilize their lands’ resources by hunting or searching for food.
    Schuster and his team analyzed more than 15,000 areas in Australia, Brazil and Canada. They found that the total diversity of birds, mammals, amphibians and reptiles was highest on lands either managed or co-managed by indigenous groups, whereas randomly selected locations with no formal protection were the least biodiverse. For threatened species in particular, indigenous lands scored slightly higher than protected lands on overall species richness in Brazil and Canada, as well as higher for threatened amphibians and reptiles in Australia, mammals in Brazil, and birds and reptiles in Canada. The results were published last November in Environmental Science and Policy.
    Each country has a different geography and climate. Yet remarkably, Schuster says, the best indicator for species diversity is whether a given area was managed by an indigenous community. He points out that practices such as sustainable hunting and fishing, as well as prescribed burning, are more likely to occur in such areas. Don Hankins, an ecologist at California State University, Chico, who is a member of the Plains Miwok indigenous nation and was not involved in the study, agrees. "There’s probably going to be more of a connection to the land," he says, "and a use of the land for the things that are there, compared to a national park."
    "It’s really important to listen to the people who live on the land and have them drive the management efforts going forward," Schuster says, adding that partnering with indigenous communities may enable the world’s countries to better meet a wide range of conservation goals: "We really need all the help we can get as a global community to avert the extinction crisis that we’re facing right now."
The analysis of Schuster and his team is mentioned to illustrate__________.
选项 A、indigenous communities always hunt or search for food
B、indigenous-managed lands may outperform protected areas
C、indigenous communities may exploit their lands’ resources
D、randomly selected locations were biodiverse
答案 B
解析 根据Schuster and his team定位到第四段。首句为分析研究的对象，第二句则是分析研究的发现：在原住民管理的土地上，物种多样性最高。这两句其实都是分析本身，并没有说明分析要证明的观点。因此需要往前阅读，即第三段的内容。第三段指出，在物种丰富度方面，原住民管理的土地至少能和保护区媲美。并且在一些地方，它们的表现远远超过了公园和保护区(…they far surpass parks and preserves)。可见，第三段给出了结论，而第四段是对其的具体说明，故答案为选项[B]。
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