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  3. Passwords are everywhere in computer security. All too often, they are also ineffective. A good password has to be both easy to

Passwords are everywhere in computer security. All too often, they are also ineffective. A good password has to be both easy to

admin2022-03-03  27
问题     Passwords are everywhere in computer security. All too often, they are also ineffective. A good password has to be both easy to remember and hard to guess, but in practice people seem to pay attention to the former. Names of wives, husbands and children are popular. "123456" or "12345" are also common choices.
    That predictability lets security researchers (and hackers) create dictionaries which list common passwords, useful to those seeking to break in. But although researchers know that passwords are insecure, working out just how insecure has been difficult. Many studies have only small samples to work on.
    However, with the co-operation of Yahoo!, Joseph Bonneau of Cambridge University obtained the biggest sample to date—70 million passwords that came with useful data about their owners.
    Mr Bonneau found some interesting variations. Older users had better passwords than young ones. People whose preferred language was Korean or German chose the most secure passwords; those who spoke Indonesian the least. Passwords designed to hide sensitive information such as credit-card numbers were only slightly more secure than those protecting less important things, like access to games. "Nag screens" that told users they had chosen a weak password made virtually no difference. And users whose accounts had been hacked in the past did not make more secure choices than those who had never been hacked.
    But it is the broader analysis of the sample that is of most interest to security researchers. For, despite their differences, the 70 million users were still predictable enough that a generic password dictionary was effective against both the entire sample and any slice of it. Mr Bonneau is blunt: "An attacker who can manage ten guesses per account will compromise around 1% of accounts. " And that is a worthwhile outcome for a hacker.
    One obvious solution would be for sites to limit the number of guesses that can be made before access is blocked. Yet whereas the biggest sites, such as Google and Microsoft, do take such measures , many do not. The reasons of their not doing so are various. So it’s time for users to consider the alternatives to traditional passwords.  
The last paragraph of the text suggests that________.
选项 A、net users regulate their online behaviors
B、net users rely on themselves for security
C、big websites limit the number of guesses
D、big websites offer users convenient access
答案B
解析 推理题。根据题干定位到最后一段。A项“网络使用者要规范他们网上的行为”，文中未提及；C项“大型网站限制尝试输入密码的次数”，最后一段虽然有提到谷歌和微软，但并不是所有大型网站都这样做了；D项“大型网站为用户提供方便的登入”，文中没有提及；故排除A、C、D三项。B项“网络使用者要靠自己注意网络安全”，与最后一段最后一句的“So it’s time for users to consider the alternatives to traditional passwords”相符，故选B。
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