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  3. Bacteria are microscopic organisms which live on the surface of objects. They are one of the most ancient living things, which e

Bacteria are microscopic organisms which live on the surface of objects. They are one of the most ancient living things, which e

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问题     Bacteria are microscopic organisms which live on the surface of objects. They are one of the most ancient living things, which exist on this planet for nearly 4,000 million years. Do you know the size of bacteria? It can only be measured in microns. Maybe you have not a standard in your mind how long a micron is. One micron is a thousandth of a millimeter, which equals about the diameter of a pinhead. Therefore, even if we enlarged the rounded bacterium a thousand times, it would only be the size of a pinhead. We barely see bacteria by a magnification an ordinary microscope of 100 times, even if we try, we cannot make out anything of their structure. There are normally millions of them together, for they can multiply really fast.
    Scientists have found that some bacteria have attached to wavy-looking "hairs" called flagella. The flagella rotate, pushing the bacteria through the water. Others can glide along over surfaces by some little-understood mechanism. Bacteria are so small that they are influenced by the movements of the chemical molecules around them. They are active all the time. Even the bacteria without flagella often bound about in the water. They are pushed here and there, colliding with the watery molecules.
    Bacteria cannot be detected because they don’t produce bad odor or change the color or texture of the food. Therefore, when people eat the food with many bacteria, they are likely to get hepatitis A, acute gastroenteritis and a host of other illnesses. Many households have refrigerators to prevent from bacteria. Of course, freezing food slows or stops the growth of bacteria, however, when food is thawed, the bacteria will become reactivated. Bacteria can not be totally destroyed before the food is thoroughly cooked. We need to know that not all bacteria are in connection with illness. Just some bacteria can cause disease. They are called pathogenic bacteria. Fortunately our immune system can protect us from them.
    Bacteria are prokaryotes (single cells that do not contain a nucleus). It may seem weird to classify organisms according to such details, but with or without a nucleus is not trivial at all. The division between prokaryotes and eukaryotes (all organisms with a nucleus inside their cells) is of extreme importance in biology, and is the result of a major evolutionary breakthrough. Visit our program tomorrow if you want to know more, thank you.
Which of the following ways can help people prevent from bacteria?
选项 A、Smell and have a careful look at the food.
B、Only eat the food stored in refrigerator.
C、Ensure the food is totally heated before eating.
D、Eat the food before they are thawed.
答案C
解析 根据文章第三段第一句“Bacteria cannot be detected because they don’t produce bad odor or change the color…”可见，食物有没有细菌，只靠看或者是嗅是没有用的。A错误。根据本段第四句“Of course，freezing food slows or stops the growth of bacteria…”可见，冰箱里的食物其实也不一定安全，因为把食品冷冻可以放慢或使细菌停止生长，但不会彻底消灭细菌。B错误。根据本段倒数第四句“Bacteria can not be totally destroyed…before the food is thoroughly cooked”可以看出，除非食物彻底煮熟，细菌才有可能被破坏。所以C项正确。D项意为“在食物解冻之前吃”，根据常识，此项不合逻辑。故正确答案为C选项。
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