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  3. Emerging evidence in humans suggests a typically Western high-fat, high-sugar "junk food" diet can quickly undermine your brain’

Emerging evidence in humans suggests a typically Western high-fat, high-sugar "junk food" diet can quickly undermine your brain’

admin2023-01-30  15
问题         Emerging evidence in humans suggests a typically Western high-fat, high-sugar "junk food" diet can quickly undermine your brain’s appetite control. After indulging in a week-long binge (大吃大喝 ) of waffles, milkshakes and similarly rich foods, researchers in Australia found young and healthy volunteers【C1】________worse on memory tests and experienced a greater【C2】________to eat junk food, even when they were already full.
    The findings suggest something is wrong in the hippocampus (海马体) —a region of the brain that supports memory and helps to【C3】________appetite. When we are full, the hippocampus is thought to quieten down our memories of delicious food, thereby【C4】________our appetite. When it’s disrupted, this control can be seriously undermined.
    Over the years, extensive research on mice has found the function of the hippocampus is very【C5】________to "junk food", but this has only recently been observed in young and healthy humans.  In 2017, after a week of Western-style breakfasts of toasted sandwiches and milkshakes, researchers found【C6】________performed worse on learning and memory tests which are typically【C7】________on the hippocampus.
    Now, in this latest study the team has found that not only do such high-fat, high-sugar diets impair memory in humans, they also appear to【C8】________affect our ability to control our appetite.
    "As this is an emerging area, and with much still to be learned about how these processes inter-relate, our【C9】________are of course tentative," the authors admit. Nevertheless, the foundations for claims like this are quite extensive, especially amongst the animal literature. What’s more, the results, even for a【C10】________sample size, are compelling.
    A) access         F) distinguished       K) reducing
    B) conclusions     G) impressions        L) regulate
    C) dependent       H) occupying        M) scored
    D) desire         I) participants          N) sensitive
    E) directly        J) recently             O) small

【C3】
选项
答案L
解析 动词辨析题。空格前有helps to，因此空格处应填入动词原形。由第一段可知，志愿者在大吃大喝高脂肪、高糖食物一周之后，反而更想吃垃圾食品。本句揭示问题出在海马体，后两句表明海马体能调节食欲，因此空格处应填入含有“控制，调节”意义的动词，故本题答案为L)regulate。
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大学英语四级

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