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  3. Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society, it fastens its attention upon those physical characteristics

Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society, it fastens its attention upon those physical characteristics

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问题     Anthropology is the study of human beings as creatures of society, it fastens its attention upon those physical characteristics and industrial techniques, those conventions and values, which distinguish one community from all others that belong to a different tradition.
    This distinguishing mark of anthropology among the social sciences is that it includes for serious study other societies than our own. For its purposes any social regulation of mating and reproduction is as significant as our own, though it may be that of the Sea Dyaks, and have no possible historical relation to that of our civilization. To the anthropologists, our customs and those of a New Guinea tribe are two possible social schemes for dealing with a common problem, and in so far as he remains an anthropologist he is bond to avoid any weighting of one in favor of the other. He is interested in human behavior, not as it is shaped by one tradition, but as it has been shaped by any tradition whatsoever. He is interested in a wide range of custom that is found in various cultures, and his object is to understand the way in which these cultures change and differentiated, the different forms through which they express themselves and the manner in which the customs of any peoples function in the lives of the individuals.
    Now custom has not been commonly regarded as a subject of any great moment. The inner workings of our own brains we feel to be uniquely worthy of investigation, but custom, we have a way of thinking, is behavior at its most commonplace. As a matter of fact it is the other way round. Traditional custom is a mass of detailed behavior more astonishing than what any one person can ever evolve in individual actions. Yet that is a rather trivial aspect of the matter, the fact of first-rate importance is the predominant role that custom plays in experience and belief, and the very great varieties it may manifest.
For serious study, an anthropologist______.
选项 A、must not study his own culture
B、is not supposed to have a prejudice against any society
C、should focus on those societies which are historically related to each other
D、is obliged to work only on those societies which have no historical relationship to each other
答案B
解析 该题属细节推理题。根据题干定位词serious study可定位到文章第二段，在众多社会学科中，人类学本质特征在于：它认真研究我们这个文化社会以外的其他文化社会，从这种意义上讲，任何一个社会规范都具独特意义。而且只要他是人类学家，那他就应该避免对任何文化或习俗产生偏好，故选项[B]为正确答案。
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