2. 考研
  3. The world is on the top of a staggering rise in the number of old people, and they will live longer than ever before.【C1】_______

The world is on the top of a staggering rise in the number of old people, and they will live longer than ever before.【C1】_______

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问题     The world is on the top of a staggering rise in the number of old people, and they will live longer than ever before.【C1】________the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double, from 600m to 1.1 billion. The experience of the 20th century, when longer life【C2】________more years in retirement rather than more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift will lead to slower economic growth and【C3】________, while the swelling ranks of pensioners will smash government【C4】________.
    But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the【C5】________old misses a new trend, the growing gap between the skilled and the unskilled. Employment rates are falling among younger unskilled people,【C6】________older skilled folk are working longer. The【C7】________is most extreme in America, where well-educated baby-boomers are【C8】________retirement while many less-skilled younger people have dropped out of the workforce.
    Policy is【C9】________responsible. Many European governments have abandoned policies that used to encourage people to retire early. Longer life, combined with the replacement of generous pension plans【C10】________meaner ones, means that even the better-off must work longer to have a【C11】________retirement. But the changing nature of work also plays a big role. Pay has risen sharply for the highly educated, and those people continue to【C12】________rich rewards into old age because these days the educated elderly are more productive than their【C13】________. Technological change may well reinforce that shift: the skills that【C14】________computers, from management expertise to creativity, do not necessarily【C15】________with age.
    This trend will benefit not just【C16】________elderly people but also, in some ways, society as a whole. Growth will slow less dramatically than expected; government revenues will be in better【C17】________, as high earners pay taxes for longer. At the other end of the social scale, however, things look【C18】________. Manual work gets harder as people get older. The rapid innovation has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while【C19】________those of the unskilled. The consequences, for individuals and society, are【C20】________.
【C20】
选项 A、negligible
B、disastrous
C、profound
D、inspiring
答案C
解析 综观全文，可以知道The consequences不仅影响着人们的工作时间、工作报酬等，也影响着政府预算和社会保障；不仅有正面影响也有负面影响。因此可认为，它对个人和社会的影响深远，故C项profound“深刻的，深切的”正确。文章侧重说明老龄化以及就业中的新趋势对社会的影响，A项negligible“微不足道的”语义与语篇要求不一致。哪怕根据文章所提的负面影响，也不能认定这一趋势会对社会造成“灾难性的”(disastrous)影响，故B项不正确。新的就业现象和趋势暴露了急需解决的社会问题，故不应认为它的影响会“鼓舞人心”，故排除D项inspiring。
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