首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Universities Branch Out A)As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as
Universities Branch Out A)As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as
admin
2013-11-25
35
问题
Universities Branch Out
A)As never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability.
B)In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more selfconsciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering courses of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative(合作的)research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity.
C)Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004. Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America’s best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K. In the United States, 20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad.
D)Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in summer internships(实习)abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least one international study or internship opportunity—and providing the financial resources to make it possible.
E)Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai’s Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-squarc-meter laboratory facility. Yale faculty, postdoctors and graduate students visit regularly and attend videoconfcrence seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xu’s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to the lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world-class scientist and his U.S. team.
F)As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure(基础设施)and applications software of the 1990s. The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university.
G)For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research-university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003, but has risen more slowly than inflations since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.
H)American politicians have great difficulty recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago. In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students. 1)Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation’s well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and—like immigrants throughout history— strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished(珍视)values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students.
The number of foreign students applying to U.S. universities decreased sharply after September 11 due to changes in the visa process.
选项
答案
H
解析
题干意为,在9·11事件之后由于签证过程发生变化,申请到美国大学学习的外国学生人数急剧下降。注意抓住题干中的关键词foreign students applying to U.S.universities、September 11和changes in the visa process。文章段落中,论及9·11事件之后到美国求学的学生人数变化的内容出现在H段,该段第三句提到,受9·11事件的影响,签证过程发生的变化促使申请到美国大学学习的学生数量急剧下降。由此可知,题干是对原文的同义改写,故答案为H。题干中的decreased sharply和原文中的a dramatic decline对应;题千中的due to与原文中的caused对应。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/A2CFFFFM
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
A、Sheagreeswithdieting.B、Sheopposesdieting.C、Shenevercaresaboutdieting.D、Shehasbeenonadiet.B信息明示题。对活一开始,男士询问女士
Itturnsoutthatmeasuringthedistancetoastarisaninterestingproblem!Astronomershave【S1】______upwithtwodifferentte
TheHistoryofLaborDayLaborDay:HowitCameAbout;WhatitMeans"LaborDaydiffersineveryessentialwayfromth
TheHistoryofLaborDayLaborDay:HowitCameAbout;WhatitMeans"LaborDaydiffersineveryessentialwayfromth
TheHistoryofLaborDayLaborDay:HowitCameAbout;WhatitMeans"LaborDaydiffersineveryessentialwayfromth
StudentsRunninganOnlineShop1.现在不少大学生在网上开店2.对此有人支持,有人反对3.你的看法
TheUnitedStateshashistoricallyhadhigherratesofmarriagethanthoseofotherindustrializedcountries.Thecurrentannual
Everynightbeforegoingtobed,Mr.Smithgoesaroundthehouse_______________(以确保所有的门都锁上了).
A、Studentsareencouragedtoreadmorebooks.B、Reformsshouldbetakenespeciallyatthehighschoollevel.C、Itisnecessaryt
A、Hewantstobecomeacook.B、Hehopestogoontograduateschool.C、Hewantstotravelaroundtheworld.D、He’dliketowork
随机试题
怎样进行数控程序的运行轨迹检查?
下列各项中,属于注册会计师审计业务的有()。
A.不凝的血性液体B.黄绿色透明液体,无臭味C.稀脓性液体,略带臭味D.淡黄色透明液体E.黄绿色稠厚液体,带有粪便样特殊臭味下列疾病的穿刺液分别是以上哪种液体。急性阑尾炎穿孔
A.万古霉素B.四环素C.甲硝唑D.左氧氟沙星E.青霉素易引起“双硫仑样”反应的药物是
机械设备进场前,承包单位应向( )报送进场设备清单。
行政组织功能类型主要分为()。
通报、通报批评是对党员进行教育的形式,不属于党纪处分。()
《刑法》第246条第1、2款规定:“以暴力或者其他方法公然侮辱他人或者捏造事实诽谤他人,情节严重的,处三年以下有期徒刑、拘役、管制或者剥夺政治权利。前款罪,告诉的才处理,但是严重危害社会秩序和国家利益的除外。”试说明:该条中“告诉才
Inrecentyears,moreandmoreforeignersareinvolvedintheteachingprogramsoftheUnitedStates.Boththeadvantagesandth
有一晚碰到一位认识她的熟人,说起她父亲前两天走了。一时不知说什么,想起那天她说的话,说她父亲走了,她不知如何办。正是夏天,没过几天在水果摊碰到她。她正俯身在摊前挑选葡萄,一串串挑好,放在塑料袋里。她在和摊主说话,除了那袭短袖黑裙透露出一点与丧事有关的消
最新回复
(
0
)