首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Just as Roman gladiators drank the blood of foes to gain strength, modem Olympians have infused the blood of their own to gain e
Just as Roman gladiators drank the blood of foes to gain strength, modem Olympians have infused the blood of their own to gain e
admin
2013-06-03
29
问题
Just as Roman gladiators drank the blood of foes to gain strength, modem Olympians have infused the blood of their own to gain endurance. Blood doping, which tainted the triumphs of some Olympians, has at last been banned.
Blood doping, in short, means withdrawal of one unit of a little more of blood from an athlete’s system about four to six weeks before a competition. The blood is then stored in a frozen state while the body replenished the lost blood through natural processes. The extracted blood is unfrozen and then pumped back into the athlete’s system just before the competition. This increases the body’s hemoglobin count, hereby increasing the capacity for oxygen delivery and raising the level of endurance.
A recent colloquium on the ethics of blood doping, summarized in The Physician and Sports Medicine, cited eases of runners getting blood transfusions so they could run fast enough to qualify for Boston Marathon and of blood doping in dog and horse racing.
Blood doping may be surprisingly common among world-class endurance athletes, especially cyclists and runners. Blood doping is cheating and it is now banned by the International Olympic Committee, but it is still impossible to test, and till sure checks are found, one can only count on the personal ethics of the sportspersons concerned.
Does blood doping really work? Buick et al. and Williams et al. have made some studies in the laboratory. In one study, 11 highly trained male track athletes underwent extensive treadmill testing before and alter phlebotomy with re-infusion of 900mi of antilogous freeze-preserved red cells. The blood doping increased the mean hemoglobin concentration 8% (from 15.1% to 16.3% gnm/100ml) , maximal oxygen consumption 5% , and running time to exhaustion 35%. In another study, 12 experienced male distance runners who received 920ml of antilogous blood had a mean 7% increase in hemoglobin concentration and a mean 45-second improvement in time on a 5-mile treadmill run, compared with results after they received 920m1 saline. In the third study, 9 male college students who received two units antilogous blood had a significant increase in hemoglobin concentration and maximal oxygen consumption on a cycle ergo-meter.
It is reasonable to conclude that blood doping does work when properly performed in the laboratory. But does it work in the field?
The problem in determining if blood doping works in the field is that almost all the reports are anecdotal. Whether it works or not, blood doping as it was done for the U.S. Olympic cyclists is to be condemned. Three of the cyclists developed flu-like symptoms 36 hours after transfusion, and one of them, when asked about blood doping, said, "Yeah, I did it. I got sick and it ruined me for the Olympics." To be sure, some of the cyclists who blood-doped won medals, but so did some who refused blood doping. Likewise, not all Olympians who admitted to blood doping were medal winners: an Italian runner who blood-doped for the marathon said he ran poorly and the national cross-country team alleged to have blood-doped ran poorly. In short, one cannot tell from anecdotal reports whether or not blood doping works in the field.
Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?
选项
A、Blood doping does afford athletes a competitive advantage though it is not quite safe.
B、Blood doping works in the laboratory, but there is no evidence to show it works in the field.
C、Blood doping is becoming increasingly common in the world of sports.
D、Athletes who Blood-dope for endurance can perform better than others.
答案
B
解析
主旨题。文章主要讨论违规输血的现象,违规输血是什么,并解释了违规输血的医学原理,最后得出结论:违规输血在实验室的研究中很有成效但没有证据表明违规输血在实际比赛中是否有效。故答案是B
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/9z6MFFFM
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Everyproductonthemarkethasavarietyofcostsbuiltintoitbeforeitiseverputupforsaletoacustomer.Therearecost
Musiccomesinmanyforms;mostcountrieshaveastyleoftheirown.【C1】____.theturnofthecenturywhenjazzwasborn,Ameri
Memorizationwhichdoesnotincludethinkingandunderstanding_____studentsbeingunabletousewhathasbeenlearnt.
Priortoourconference,theexecutivedirectorhadrequestedthateveryone_____wellprepared.
Itdidn’tlooklikeAmerica,theexodusofstunnedrefugeeswadingthroughturbid,waist-highwater,carryingonlywhatmattered
______you______furtherproblemswithyourstereo,contactyourdealerforadvice.
Thisisanageofcooperation,andtoday’sleaderisusuallyonesittingatatablewithanothersix,sleevesrolledup,trying
Goodadviceis______price.
Ifyouweretobeginanewjobtomorrow,youwouldbringwithyousomebasicstrengthsandweaknesses.Successor【C1】______in
随机试题
废气再循环阀是用来控制进入气缸的混合气量。()
三房心的真房指
40岁女性,右乳房包块3个月,查体:右乳房外上象限触及一4cm×3cm×2cm肿块,质硬,固定,表面皮肤呈橘皮样改变,右腋下淋巴结肿大融合,固定。若准备行手术治疗,宜做哪项术前准备
治疗原发性肝癌肝肾阴虚证,应首选方剂是
壮热不退的病机是阴虚发热的病机是
肝气乘脾型泄泻的治法是( )。
某区法院判决撤销某区公安局的处罚决定,返还当事人甲2000元罚款,要求在判决生效后15日内执行。后当事人均未上诉,区公安分局也未返还罚款。甲申请执行,该向谁申请?()
如果当前工作表是“sheet1”,此时使用“sheet5”表中的R9单元格时,用到的地址是()。
根据货币流通规律,决定商品流通中所需货币量的因素包括()。
TheexamplesofGEandStaplesinthefirstparagrapharetoshowthatbothcompaniesOneofthedrivingforcesbehindtherece
最新回复
(
0
)