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  3. The Common Cold Every winter people start coming down with colds. There is no cure for the common cold but since ancient

The Common Cold Every winter people start coming down with colds. There is no cure for the common cold but since ancient

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问题                                                                             The Common Cold
        Every winter people start coming down with colds. There is no cure for the common cold but since ancient times, people have developed ways to ease the aches and pains, sore throat and coughing, headache, high temperature and runny nose that go with the illness. The serious part of a cold is usually over in three days. That’s the infectious time when other people can catch your cold. After this infectious period, the cold may last up to three weeks, although sometimes a cough may stay around for months.
        The common cold got its name from, well, being physically cold. However, there is some doubt that low temperatures cause colds. According to scientific studies, colds are caused by viruses, small infectious agents that can cause disease in any living thing. There are millions of viruses. However, since 1898, when the first virus was discovered by Martinus Berjerinck, approximately 5,000 have been named and described. The cold virus was identified in the 1950s.
        The common cold virus is believed to be transmitted from one person to another by coming into contact with infected droplets of water from the nose. It can also be transmitted by physical contact with an infected person or something they have touched such as food or a door handle. From there, the virus is quickly transferred to the eyes and nose of the new host where the cycle begins again.
        While the common cold may not be directly caused by getting cold, the reason why colds are more common in winter is that when it’ s cold, people stay inside close together and this increases the risk. The best example is school where many children are sitting close together. This is the perfect condition for the virus to spread. The children then go home and pass on colds to other family members. According to Wikipedia, the common cold "is the most frequent infectious disease in humans with the average adult contracting two to three colds a year and the average child contracting between six and twelve."
        Each culture has developed its own treatment for colds. In the west, hot lemon honey drinks, staying in bed and keeping warm, drinking plenty of water, taking vitamin C and eating healthy food are believed to be effective.
        You can help prevent the spread of colds by washing your hands thoroughly and frequently and covering your mouth and nose when you cough.
Colds frequently occur in winter because of____________.
选项 A、cold temperatures
B、people being close together inside
C、people touching door handles
D、people passing on colds to others
答案B
解析 细节题。题干：感冒在冬天频繁发生是因为________。题干关键词为“Colds frequently occur in winter”，同义替换了原文的“colds are more common in winter”，根据关键词定位到原文倒数第三段第一句“…the reason why colds are more common in winter is that when it’s cold，people stay inside close together and his increases the risk.(感冒在冬天更常见的原因是，当天气冷的时候人们都待在室内，近距离接触，这就增加了患感冒的风险)”，由此可知，B项“人们都待在室内，近距离接触”，是人们冬季易患感冒的原因。故本题选B。A项“气温很低”。根据原文可知，冬季的低气温并不是诱发感冒的最终原因。其逻辑关系是天气寒冷导致人们聚集在室内，因为聚集在室内最终导致感冒。A项错误。C项“人们摸门把手”。根据选项关键词“door handles”可定位到原文第三段中的“It can also be transmitted by physical contact with an infected person or something they have touched such as food or a door handle.(它还可以通过与感染者的身体接触来传播，或通过接触感染者接触过的诸如食物、门把手等物体来传播)”，由此可知，人们摸门把手只是传播感冒的一种途径，跟冬季频发感冒并无直接关系，故排除。D项“人们互相传染感冒”。人们互相传染一直是诱发感冒的原因。但是本题题干的关键词是“colds frequently occur in winter(感冒在冬天频发)”，所以这一答案不够充分，并不足够支撑为什么人们在冬天会频发感冒，故排除。
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