2. 外语
  3. Some species of dolphins find their prey by echolocation; they emit clicking sounds and listen for echoes returning from distant

Some species of dolphins find their prey by echolocation; they emit clicking sounds and listen for echoes returning from distant

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问题 Some species of dolphins find their prey by echolocation; they emit clicking sounds and listen for echoes returning from distant objects in the water. Marine biologists have speculated that those same clicking sounds might have a second function: particularly loud clicks might be used by the dolphins to stun their prey at close range through sensory overload. Which of the following, if discovered to be true, would cast the most serious doubt on the correctness of the speculation described above?
选项 A、Dolphins that use echolocation to locate distant prey also emit frequent clicks at intermediate distances as they close in on their prey.
B、The usefulness of echolocation as a means of locating prey depends on the clicking sounds being of a type that the prey is incapable of perceiving, regardless of volume.
C、If dolphins stun their prey, the effect is bound to be so temporary that stunning from far away, even if possible, would be ineffective.
D、Echolocation appears to give dolphins that use it information about the richness of a source of food as well as about its direction.
E、The more distant a dolphin’ s prey, the louder the echolocation clicks must be if they are to reveal the prey’s presence to the hunting dolphin.
答案B
解析 通过这道题我们要培养读清楚问题与把握读题重点的好习惯。本题让我们质疑the correct—ness of the speculation，发现读题重点是echolocation可被用来“stun their prey at close range throughsensory overload．”如果回声定位作为确定猎物位置的方法，无论音量如何，猎物不能听到，如(B)所说，那么就断开了the speculation中的前提与结论，反对了上面the correctness of the speculation，所以(B)正确；而(C)与“at close range”无关，是无关选项；(A)、(D)为无关选项；(E)从某种程度上支持了the speculation。
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