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  3. Americans used to stand tall as the people with the highest average height in the world. However, since the middle of this centu

Americans used to stand tall as the people with the highest average height in the world. However, since the middle of this centu

admin2010-08-04  51
问题     Americans used to stand tall as the people with the highest average height in the world. However, since the middle of this century, several Scandinavian (斯堪的那维亚的) countries have moved ahead and now have taller citizens on average than the United States.
    "One of the keys to understanding why America is falling behind other countries in terms of stature has to do with access to health care, particularly for children," said Richard Steckel, a professor of economics and anthropology at Ohio state university.
    "I suspect there are pockets of poverty in the United States where the lack of medical programs and nutritional programs may be factors in poor health, and the reason some people aren’t growing as tall as they might."
    "I think the countries that have surpassed the United States have done well in reaching nearly everyone with complete health and nutrition services."said Steckel. "The success of the Scandinavian countries in health care shows up in many measures, not just height, such as mortality rates(死亡率) and life expectancy(寿命)."
    Immigration to the United States of people with shorter average heights -- such as Asian -- can’ t explain why other countries have moved ahead in average height, according to Steckel. "In the past half century, the change in ethnic (种族的) composition hasn’t been enough to make a significant difference in the country’s average height."
    Steckel said he first began investigating height as an alternative way to measure the standard of living -- a traditional area of research for economists.
    Research has shown that average height is significantly associated with a country’s per capita (人均) income. But studying height has some advantages, Steckel said. For example, researchers have records of average height that go further back in history than do records of national income. Height also tells a slightly different story about the standard of living because it measures consumption of basic necessities, rather than output. Moreover, because growth occurs mostly in childhood, it allows researchers to look at how resources are allocated within families.
    "Studying height captures some things about the standard of living that income leaves out," Steckel said, "Economists need to take a multiple approach to studying the standard of living."
Using income to study the standard of living fails to capture all of the following EXCEPT______.
选项 A、the living standards of people who lived further back in history
B、consumption of basic necessities
C、how resources are allocated within families
D、production of basic necessities
答案D
解析 推断题。该题问，用收入来研究生活水准没有忽视以下哪个方面。答题依据在文章第二部分，具体地说，在第七段。作者列举了通过身高研究生活水准的三个优点，也就是传统收入法忽视的地方。分别体现在[A]， [B]，[C]三个选项中。但是不包括[D]，也就是说四个选项中[D]是“收入法”没有忽视的。故，[D](基本必需品的生产)为正确答案。
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