2. 外语
  3. 61. Criticism is a study by which men grow important and formidable at very small expense. The power of invention has been confe

61. Criticism is a study by which men grow important and formidable at very small expense. The power of invention has been confe

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问题     61. Criticism is a study by which men grow important and formidable at very small expense. The power of invention has been conferred by nature upon few, and the labor of learning those sciences which may, by mere labor be obtained, is too great to be willingly endured; but every man can exert such judgment as be has upon the works of others; and he whom nature has made weak, and idleness keeps ignorant, may yet support his vanity by the name of a critic.
    62. I hope it will give comfort to great numbers who are passing through the world in obscurity, when I inform them how easily distinction may be obtained. All the other powers of literature are coy and haughty; they must be long courted and at last are not always gained; but Criticism is a goddess easy of access and forward of advance, who will meet the slow and encourage the timorous; the want of meaning she supplies with words, and the want of spirit she recompenses with malignity.
    63. This profession has one recommendation peculiar to itself, that it gives vent to malignity without real mischief. No genius was ever blasted by the breath of critics. Tire poison which, if confined, would have burst the heart fumes away in empty hisses, and malice is set at ease with very little danger to merit. The critic is the only man whose triumph is without another’s pain and whose greatness does not rise upon another’s ruin.
    64. To a study at once so easy and so reputable, so malicious and so harmless, it cannot be necessary to invite my readers by a long or labored exhortation; it is sufficient, since all would be critics if they could, to show by one eminent example that all can be critics if they will.
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答案批评是这样一种意图：凭借它人们能以很小的代价变得声名显赫且难以对付。造物主只把发明才能赐给少数人，而对于学习只有靠勤奋才能学好的学科来说，其艰辛的程度让人难以忍受。但是，每个人可以一如既往地对他人的作品进行评判；因此，造物主所造就的弱者和懒惰造就的无知者也许借批评家的名义支持他的虚荣心。
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