首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Notation gave western music a means of written record, but at first only for a kind of music, chant, that was believed to have o
Notation gave western music a means of written record, but at first only for a kind of music, chant, that was believed to have o
admin
2010-12-21
53
问题
Notation gave western music a means of written record, but at first only for a kind of music, chant, that was believed to have originated half a millennium and more in the past—to be effectively, ageless. Early medieval chants sprang from the whole time of eternal sameness, rhythm. Then measure came. And with it came the first identifiable and precisely datable works.
Where chant was of a piece with other musical traditions in being self-sufficient melody, working within a modal system, belonging to no creator (but to God) and designed for worship, the new music of the twentieth century opened a distinctively western path. The measuring of time was the beginning not only of rhythmic notation— known, far beyond Europe, to the Indian theorist Sarngadeva in the first haft of the thirteenth century—but also of music involving coordination among singers carrying different melodies, of polyphony. This, too, was by no means confined to the wedge of land between the Mediterranean and the Atlantic: the gamelan music of Bali, a tradition independent of Europe, is comparable with early western polyphony in its superposition of different time streams, fast and slow, while the music of many sub- Saharan African peoples often piles up dissimilar rhythmic layers in ways foreign to Europe outside certain special repertories(fourteenth-century song and some music since 1950). But, from the twelfth century to the fifteenth, polyphony in the west gradually moved away from the repetitive structures that were retained on Bali or in central Africa as Europeans discovered how harmony could result in continuous flow.
The source, as of so much in western culture, was a misunderstanding of classical Greek knowledge, again acquired through Boethius. He had nothing to say about harmony in the sense of chords, but he conveyed a Geek satisfaction in the primacy of the octave and the fifth, which medieval musicians took as models of consonance (the euphonious combining notes). Just as essential were dissonant combinations, lacking euphony, for these would intensity the need of for consonance. A dissonance placed immediately before a final consonance would produce a firmly conclusive ending—a cadence, such as became an essential of western music. Extending back from the cadence, the forces of harmony, marshaled through relationships between each chord and the next, could amplify the last note. Thus time measured became time decisively having a goal, and music could emulate the progress in every human soul towards eternity.
Music mirrored, too, how time generally was being told. Guido’s staff notation came roughly when water clocks were reintroduced from Byzantium and Islam, enabling monks to know when a service was due from the level reached by water slowly filling a vessel. Thus reading, whether of a chant book or a water gauge, substituted for memory and intuition. Exact synchrony between music and time was lost a little when clockwork mechanisms appeared in the mid—thirteenth century, half a century later than the gear-driven music produced at Notre Dame in Paris. However, the perfection of hour-chiming with hour-chiming capabilities, in the astronomical clock made by Richard Wallingford for St. Albans Abbey (1327-1336), strikingly coincided with the perfection of rhythmic notation that spread from Paris and gave music its own machinery of time lengths.
Choose the most appropriate from the four choices to answer the question or complete the sentence.
Write a summary.Summarize the passage in 4 or 5 sentences.
选项
答案
The passage demonstrated how music evolved together with time measure. Early medieval chants originated half a millennium and more in the past had no measure of time within them. The appearance of rhythmic notation and polyphony marked the beginning of time measure. In fact, the development of music reflected how measure of the time developed.
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/6KwUFFFM
本试题收录于:
翻译硕士(翻译硕士英语)题库专业硕士分类
0
翻译硕士(翻译硕士英语)
专业硕士
相关试题推荐
Courtrecord
ThenovelTheAdven,turesofHuckleberryFinnwaswrittenby________.
TheRainbowwaswrittenby().
ThenovelSonsandLoverswaswrittenby().
DeathofaSalesmanwaswrittenby().
TheRainbowwaswrittenby().
MobyDickwaswrittenby().
LeavesofGrasswaswrittenby().
随机试题
如果一个大型工程项目在签订施工承包合同后,设计资料的深度和其他条件还不足以编制比较具体的施工总进度计划时,则可先编制()。
A.脉虚者人参汤下,脉实者银花、薄荷汤下B.蜜丸,空心盐白汤送下C.蜜丸,清晨温酒下D.蜜丸,午时姜汤下E.蜜丸,空心酒化下,不拘时
女,29岁,哺乳期,右乳房肿痛2天,无发热,体检:右乳房肿胀,内象限有压痛,无波动感根据以上情况应采取哪项措施
某种饼干生产用的抗氧化剂,成分为:抗坏血酸、d/1-生育酚、蔗糖酯、乙醇、磷酸二氢钠
教师的医疗同当地国家公务员享受同等的待遇;()对教师进行身体健康检查,并因地制宜安排教师进行休养。
从所给的四个选项中,选择最合适的一个填入问号处,使之呈现一定的规律:
为了加强城市管理,提升城市文明水平。市管理委员会决定举行一次监督城管执法的市民招募会,请你提出几点建议。
下列关于我国的HPV疫苗的说法错误的是()。
设n阶非零实方阵A的伴随矩阵为A*,且A*=AT.证明|A|≠0.
Inthecourseoftime,Mr.Earnshawbegantofail.Hehadbeenactiveandhealthy,yethisstrengthlefthimsuddenly;andwhen
最新回复
(
0
)