首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Unlike an earthquake, a demographic disaster does not strike without warning. Japan’s population of 127m is predicted to fall to
Unlike an earthquake, a demographic disaster does not strike without warning. Japan’s population of 127m is predicted to fall to
admin
2012-12-30
43
问题
Unlike an earthquake, a demographic disaster does not strike without warning. Japan’s population of 127m is predicted to fall to 90m by 2050. As recently as 1990, working-age Japanese outnumbered children and the elderly by seven to three. By 2050 the ratio will be one to one. As Japan grows old and feeble, where will its companies find dynamic, energetic workers?
For a company president pondering this question over a laboriously prepared breakfast of steamed rice, broiled salmon, miso soup and artistically presented pickles, the answer is literally staring him in the face. Half the talent in Japan is female. Outside the kitchen, those talents are woefully underemployed, as Sylvia Ann Hewlett and Laura Sherbin of the Centre for Work-Life Policy, an American think-tank, show in a new study called "Off-Ramps and On-Ramps; Japan".
Nearly half of Japanese university graduates are female but only 67% of these women have jobs, many of which are part-time or involve serving tea. Japanese women with degrees are much more likely than Americans (74% to 31%) to quit their jobs voluntarily. Whereas most Western women who take time off do so to look after children, Japanese women are more likely to say that the strongest push came from employers who do not value them. A startling 49% of highly educated Japanese women who quit do so because they feel their careers have stalled.
The Japanese workplace is not quite as sexist as it used to be. Pictures of naked women, ubiquitous on salarymen’s desks in the 1990s, have been removed. Most companies have rules against sexual discrimination. But educated women are often shunted into dead-end jobs. Old-fashioned bosses see their role as prettifying the office and forming a pool of potential marriage partners for male employees. And a traditional white-collar working day makes it hard to pick up the kids from school.
Even if the company rule book says that flexitime is allowed, those who work from home are seen as uncommitted to the team. Employees are expected to show their faces before 9 am, typically after a long commute on a train so packed that the gropers cannot tell whom they are groping. Staff are also under pressure to stay late, regardless of whether they have work to do: nearly 80% of Japanese men get home after 7 pm, and many attend semi-compulsory drinking binges in hostess bars until the small hours. Base salaries are lows salarymen are expected to fill their pay packets by putting in heroic amounts of overtime.
Besides finding these hours just a bit inconvenient, working mothers are unlikely to get much help at home from their husbands. Japanese working mums do four hours of child care and housework each day—eight times as much as their spouses. Thanks to restrictive immigration laws, they cannot hire cheap help. A Japanese working mother cannot sponsor a foreign nanny for a visa, though it is not hard for a nightclub owner to get "entertainer" visas for young Filipinas in short skirts. That says something about Japanese lawmakers’ priorities. And it helps explain why Japanese women struggle to climb the career ladder: only 10% of Japanese managers are female, compared with 46% in America.
Japanese firms are careful to recycle paper but careless about wasting female talent. Some 66% of highly educated Japanese women who quit their jobs say they would not have done so if their employers had allowed flexible working arrangements. The vast majority (77%) of women who take time off work want to return. But only 43% find a job, compared with 73% in America. Of those who do go back to work, 44% are paid less than they were before they took time off, and 40% have to accept less responsibility or a less prestigious title. Goldman Sachs estimates that if Japan made better use of its educated women, it would add 8. 2m brains to the workforce and expand the economy by 15%—equivalent to about twice the size of the country’s motor industry.
Which of the following statements is probably TRUE of Japanese educated women?
选项
A、They are more family centered than American women.
B、They may feel frustrated due to the existing barriers.
C、More than half of them have jobs that are insignificant.
D、Most of them can’t bear sexism in the Japanese workplace.
答案
B
解析
推断题。按照试题顺序及Japanese educated women定位至第三段和第四段。第三段末句指出“A startling 49%of highly educated Japanese women who quit do SO because they feel their careers have stalled.”,第四段第四句指出“But educated women are often shunted into dead-end jobs.”,由此可以判断,日本女性在职场中遇到的种种职业瓶颈是让她们感到挫折而自愿放弃工作的原因,[B]与文意相符,故为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/6DUYFFFM
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
ItwassaidbySirGeorgeBernardShawthat"EnglandandAmericaaretwocountriesseparatedbythesamelanguage."Myfirstper
Aswehaveseeninearlierchapters,theAmericandefinitionofsuccessislargelyoneofacquiringwealthandahighermaterial
Thewordconservationhasathriftymeaning.Toconserveistosaveandprotect,toleavewhatweourselvesenjoyinsuchgoodc
I.CausesofBreakdownsin(1)【1】______1.Onstudents’part—insufficientcommandoverthe(2)ofEnglish【2】______—p
ReplyingtoourChristmas"goodguruguide",PeterDrunker,thegrandoldmanofmanagementtheory,speculatedthattheword"gu
______isthestudyofspeechsoundsinlanguageoralanguagewithreferencetotheirdistributionandpatterningandtotacitr
Meteorologistsroutinelytelluswhatnextweek’sweatherislikelytohe,andclimatescientistsdiscusswhatmighthappenin1
IntheAgeofGenetics,younolongerhavetotrytocutoutsmokingorthinktwiceaboutgobblingthatcandybarinyourdeskd
Iusedtofindnotesleftinthecollectionbasket,beautifulnotesaboutmyhomiliesandaboutthewriter’sthoughtsonthedai
Sincethestartofthisyear,Google’ssharepricehasfallensteadilyasinvestorshavebeguntofretaboutitslonger-termpro
随机试题
肾小管与集合管重吸收的方式有_______和_______两种,其中葡萄糖、氨基酸、钠离子主要是_______重吸收,而尿素是_______重吸收。
动脉导管未闭,在婴幼儿期或在有肺动脉高压或合并心力衰竭时,其杂音特点是
患者男性,25岁,晨起跑步时偶遇风后全身泛发风团,色白,伴瘙痒,发无定处,成批发生,用温水清洗后皮损很快消退,口不渴,舌淡,苔白,脉浮紧。宜选用何方治疗( )。
信息管理指的是()。
( )是指义务人应权利人的要求向保险人投保自己信用的保险。
等比累进还款法通常与借款人对于自身收入状况的预期有关,如果预期未来收入呈递增趋势,则可选择()。
甲公司是一家跨国公司,主要经营化学工业产品。除此之外,还兼营制药、食品、化妆品、首饰工艺品、纺织、冶金、电子、化肥、农药、运输和旅馆业等各种行业。公司经营的区域范围也涉及多个国家和地区。为协调遍布全世界各地的分支机构,甲公司将销售、计划、财务、人事、研究与
如果提供求助者临床资料的是心理咨询人员,对这些资料应该()
下面量数中,有单位的是()。
表达式Abs(-5)+Len("ABCDE")的值是______。
最新回复
(
0
)