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  3. Six million people die every year as a result of tobacco smoking, according to an estimate by the World Health Organization. It

Six million people die every year as a result of tobacco smoking, according to an estimate by the World Health Organization. It

admin2019-08-08  31
问题    Six million people die every year as a result of tobacco smoking, according to an estimate by the World Health Organization. It is a number worth keeping in mind as the scientific disputes over electronic cigarettes continue to persist
   【F1】The US Food and Drug Administration last week announced a "historic rule" that gives it the right to regulate e-cigarettes—which vaporize nicotine—as it does tobacco products. Nearly all e-cigarettes will now have to go through an approval process, with sales to young people prohibited, and health warnings included on packaging and advertisements.
   Sylvia Burwell, the US Secretary of Health and Human Services, noted that 【F2】e-cigarette use is shooting up among young people in the United States, "creating a new generation of Americans who are at risk of addiction", even as cigarette smoking continues to decline.
   Some states are already ahead of federal law—California defined e-cigarettes as tobacco products. The European Union is also set to take a tougher stance. An EU-wide directive that comes into force this year on tobacco products will control nicotine content.
   These devices have split researchers. Some see a route to end the tobacco trouble. But other scientists see problems. 【F3】They fear that electronic devices undermine the message that smoking is bad, and offer people a nicotine fix in places where cigarettes have long been excluded. They fear a new age of nicotine, and that the six-million figure will rise.
   This difference of opinion has spilled messily over into the research arena. Published studies are ruthlessly picked apart by opposing sides. 【F4】Sometimes the fight happens even before publication, with journalists sent quotes that critique claims and conclusions before they are publicly available.
   Both sides are acting in good faith, but their arguments and increasingly rooted positions frequently generate more heat than light 【F5】To progress, researchers on both sides must establish what evidence should be gathered to answer the central question: how can e-cigarette use and regulation lead to the largest possible reduction in deaths from tobacco? Researchers should remain focused on the enemy that needs to be fought—the horrific harm caused by tobacco. Disputes are part of science. They must be conducted in the open, and no researcher—and no piece of research—can be immune from criticism. But the tobacco-science community must find a way forward. It is not exaggerating to say that millions of lives are at stake. Six million of them are, every year.
【F2】
选项
答案尽管实际上吸烟人数已在逐步减少，使用电子烟的美国年轻人数量仍急剧飙升，“美国新一代潜在性烟民即将诞生”。
解析 ①本句是复合句，主句和从句之间插入了直接引语，即西维娅-波维尔的话作状语。②主句的谓语be shooting up是现在进行时态，说明使用电子香烟人数不断剧增的局面。后面的状语由among young people和in the United States两部分组成，前者指出对象群体是年轻人，后者说明发生地是美国。③直接引语是现在分词短语作结果状语，说明这一流行现象带来的影响是导致美国一些年轻人成为新一代烟民。who引导的定语从句修饰a generation of Americans，说明这些美国人有吸食电子烟成瘾的风险。④让步状语从句前的副词even，意为“尽管是”，暗含让步转折的关系，指出“即使是在……的情况下”，电子香烟的使用人数依旧不减。
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