2. 外语
  3. Psychologists who adopt a strong behaviorist position deny that emotion experiences are matters for scientific inquiry. In contr

Psychologists who adopt a strong behaviorist position deny that emotion experiences are matters for scientific inquiry. In contr

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问题      Psychologists who adopt a strong behaviorist position deny that emotion experiences are matters for scientific inquiry. In contrast, some biosocial theories hold that emotion feelings must be studied because they are the primary factors in organizing and motivating human behavior. According to these theories, most of the functions attributed to emotion expressions. Such as empathy and altruism, are dependent on the organizing and motivating properties of underlying emotion feelings. Emotion experiences have several other functions.
     Several lines of research have shown that induced emotion affects perception, learning, and memory. In one study, conducted by Carroll E. Izard and his students, subjects were made happy or angry and then shown happy and angry faces and friendly and hostile interpersonal scenes in a stereoscope. Happy subjects perceived more happy faces and friendly interpersonal scenes, and angry subjects perceived more angry faces and hospital interpersonal scenes. In this case, emotion apparently altered the basic perceptual process. In another study subjects were made happy or sad and then given happy and sad information about fictional persons and later asked to give their impressions and make judgments about the fictional characters. Overall, happy subjects reported more favorable impressions and positive judgments than sad subjects did. These studies provide evidence for the common wisdom that happy people are more likely to see the world through rose-colored glasses.
     An extensive series of studies indicated that positive emotion feelings enhance empathy and altruism. It was shown by the American psychologist Alice M. Isen that relatively small favors or bits or good luck (like finding money in coin telephone or getting an unexpected gift) induced positive emotion in people and that such emotion regularly increased the subjects’ inclination to sympathize or provide help.
     Several studies have demonstrated that positive emotion facilitates creative problem solving. One of these studies showed that positive emotion enabled subjects to name more uses for common objects. Another showed that positive emotion enhanced creative problem solving by enabling subjects to see relations among objects that would otherwise go unnoticed. A number of studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of positive emotion on thinking, memory, and action in preschool and older children.
In the 2nd paragraph, "to see the world through rose-colored glasses" (line 11 ) means
选项 A、to think the world is pleasantry than it really is.
B、to perceive the world in a pessimistic way.
C、to see the world through a pair of red glasses.
D、to understand that the world is full of red color.
答案A
解析 本题考查语意理解。要求解释“to see the world through rose-colored glasses”的意思，这就需要读懂第二段后，根据上下文来确定“rose-colored glasses”的含义。本段主要讲的是诱导的情感会影响人们的感性认识。作者讲，两项研究成果都表明happy people认为世间一切都是美好的，积极向上的。这与选项A 所述内容相符；选项B “悲观地看世界”与文中所述内容相悖；选项C 和D 是片面解释“rose-colored glasses”的字面意思。
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