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  3. By now, the headlines about dead whales washing ashore with pounds of plastic in their belly are commonplace. But plastic’s effe

By now, the headlines about dead whales washing ashore with pounds of plastic in their belly are commonplace. But plastic’s effe

admin2022-05-13  31
问题     By now, the headlines about dead whales washing ashore with pounds of plastic in their belly are commonplace. But plastic’s effects on nature doesn’t stop there—it’s also making climate change worse. A new report published this week by the Center for International Environmental Law details the greenhouse gas emissions from each step in the lifecycle of plastics: from fossil fuel extraction, transport and refining to the production of consumer goods, the managing of plastic waste, and the increase of trash in the oceans. The study authors warn that, if demand for plastics continues to rise, the material’s contribution to climate change will grow significantly.
    This year, emissions from plastics will equal the pollution output of nearly 200 coal-fired power plants with a 500-megawatt capacity, the report finds. The authors estimate that emissions from plastic will reach the equivalent of nearly 300 coal plants in 2030 and over 600 in 2050. They speculate that their predictions underestimate the situation, " due to limitations in the availability and accuracy of certain data. "
    The report also warns that expanding current plastic production will make it "impossible" for the world to meet the Paris Climate Accord’s goal of preventing global warming from exceeding 2.7 degrees Fahrenheit above pre-industrial averages. United Nations scientists predict that warming beyond that point would result in catastrophic climate change.
    "We need to cut emissions by 45 percent by 2030," Carroll Muffett, president of CIEL, told Popular Science. "Plastics are ready to do almost exactly the opposite. " "Once the plastics are released into the environment," Muffett added, "they continue to impact the climate in perpetuity. Unless they are recycled, of which the vast majority are not. "
    Over 90％ of plastics are not recycled, according to a major study published in 2017. Most of this waste is landfilled, while 12％ is burned. In addition, millions of tons of plastic trash end up in the ocean each year. Despite a growing awareness of the problem, demand for plastics has not decreased. People bought over 300 million tons of new plastic in 2014, a figure that’s expected to more than double by 2030, according to research agency IHS Markit.
    The CIEL report proposes solutions to our plastic crisis, recommending an end to the creation of single-use plastics, such as shopping bags and excessive wrapping for food items. The study authors also recommend putting a stop to the development of new oil, gas, and petrochemical infrastructure, and they state that plastic producers should be held responsible for their role in the problem.
How are most of the plastics dealt with?
选项 A、They are recycled for future use.
B、They are burned with fire.
C、They are buried in the land.
D、They are buried in the ocean.
答案C
解析 细节题。根据“顺序出题”原则，这道题的解题依据可能位于倒数第二段，根据对比，四个选项在倒数第二段都出现了，但是原文明确指出Most of this waste is landfilled“大多数垃圾(塑料) 是被填埋”，与C项表述一致，故本题答案为C项。B项与原文while 12％is burned对应，但12％不属于大多数，故排除。选项A与原文Unless they are recycled，of which the vast majority are not相悖，故排除。D项虽然在原文有所提及，但是并没有指出这属于大多数垃圾的处理方式，故排除。故本题答案为C项。
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