首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
TV Linked to Lower Marks A)The effect of television on children has been debated ever since the first sets were turned on. Now t
TV Linked to Lower Marks A)The effect of television on children has been debated ever since the first sets were turned on. Now t
admin
2015-06-23
31
问题
TV Linked to Lower Marks
A)The effect of television on children has been debated ever since the first sets were turned on. Now three new studies find that too much tube time can lower test scores, retard learning and even predict college performance. The reports appear in the July issue of the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine.
B)In the first report, researchers studied the effect that having a TV in a child’s bedroom can have on third graders. "We looked at the household media environment in relation to academic achievement on mathematics, reading and language arts tests," said study author Dina L.G. Borzekowski, an assistant professor at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
C)Borzekowski and her colleague, Dr. Thomas Robinson of Stanford University, collected data on 386 third graders and their parents about how much TV the children watched, the number of TV sets, computers and video game consoles in the household and where they were. They also collected data on how much time the children spent using the different media, as well as the time spent doing homework and reading. The researchers found that the media in the household, where it is and how it is used can have a profound effect on learning. "We found that the household media environment has a very close association with performance on the different test scores," Borzekowski said.
D)"A child who has a TV in his or her bedroom is likely to have a score that is eight points lower on a mathematics test compared to a child who doesn’t have a TV in the bedroom," she noted. These children also scored lower on the reading and language arts tests. However, children who have access to a home computer are likely to have higher scores on each of the tests compared with children who don’t have access to a home computer, Borzekowski noted.
E)The reasons why TV has this negative effect are not clear, Borzekowski said. "When there’s TV in the bedroom, parents are less likely to have control over the content and the amount watched," Borzekowski said. "They are also unable to know how early or how late the set is on. This seems to be associated with kids’ performance on academic tests." Borzekowski believes that content and the time the TV is on may be the primary reasons for its negative effect. "If the TV is in the family room, then parents can see the content of what children are watching," she said. "Parents can choose to sit alongside and watch, or turn the set off. A simple and straightforward, positive parenting strategy is to keep the TV out of the child’s bedroom, or remove it if it’s already there."
F)In the second report, Dr. Robert J. Hancox from the University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand, and colleagues found, regardless of your intelligence or social background, if you watch a lot of TV during childhood, you are a lot less likely to have a college degree by your mid-20s. In their study, the researchers followed 1,037 people born in 1972 and 1973. Every two years, between the ages of 5 and 15, they were asked how much television they watched. The researchers found that those who watched the most television during these years had earned fewer degrees by the time they were 26. "We found that the more television the child had watched, the more likely they were to leave school without any qualifications," Hancox said in a prepared statement. "Those who watched little television had the best chance of going on to university and earning a degree."
G)Hancox’s team found that watching TV at an early age had the most effect on graduating from college. "An interesting finding was that although teenage viewing was strongly linked to leaving school without any qualifications, it was earlier childhood viewing that had the greatest impact on getting a degree," he said. "This suggests that excessive television in younger children has a long-lasting adverse effect on educational performance."
H)In the third paper, Frederick J. Zimmerman and Dr. Dimitri A. Christakis from the University of Washington report that, for very young children, watching TV can result in lower test scores in mathematics, reading recognition and reading comprehension. "We looked at how much television children watched before age 3 and then at ages 3 to 5," Zimmerman said. "We found that for children who watched a small amount of TV in the earlier years, there was considerable beneficial effect compared to children who watched a lot of TV."
I)For children aged 3 to 5, the effect was not as clear, Zimmerman said. "There were some beneficial effects of watching TV on reading, but no beneficial effects for math or vocabulary," he noted. "The worst pattern was to watch more than three hours of TV before age 3. Those kids had a significant disadvantage compared to the other kids." Parents should follow the American Academy of Pediatrics recommendation, which is no TV for children under 2, Zimmerman said. "Personally, I feel the cutoff should be children under 3, because there is just not any good content for children under 3."
J)One expert believes that TV can have both positive and negative effects, but it all depends on what children are watching. "Content matters," said Deborah L. Linebarger, an assistant professor at the University of Pennsylvania, who co-authored an accompanying editorial. "Educational content has been found to be related to performance on school readiness tests, higher grades when they are teenagers, whereas, non-educational content tends to be associated with lower academic performance."
K)Another expert agrees. "TV watching takes up space that could be used by more useful things," said Dr. Christopher P. Lucas, a clinical coordinator at the Early Childhood Evaluation and Treatment Program at the New York University Child Study Center. "TV is not necessarily toxic, but is something that has to be done in moderation; something that balances the other needs of the child for healthy development."
L)Lucas puts the responsibility for how much TV kids watch and what they watch squarely on parents. "The amount of TV watching certainly has a link with the reduced amount of time reading or doing homework," he said. "The key is the amount of control parents have in limiting the amount of access. Get the TV out of the bedroom; be aware of what is being watched; limit the amount of TV watching."
In Deborah L. Lingbarger’s opinion, educational content is helpful for teenagers to get better results on school readiness tests.
选项
答案
J
解析
细节题。根据句中educationalcontent可将答案定位于J)段末句。文章指出,内容很重要。教育性的内容与入学预备考试的成绩有关,有助于青少年取得更好的成绩,而非教育性的内容则往往导致学习成绩下降。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/2G3FFFFM
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
Americanuniversitiesarerushingtowardsawirelessfuture.Theyareinstallingnetworksthatletstudentsandteacherssurfth
A、Bytaxi.B、Onfoot.C、Bybus.D、Bybike.D选项的内容表明,本题考查出行方式。女士认为骑自行车去新图书馆虽然花的时间长点,但是能起到锻炼的作用,男士说这真是个好主意,还说他这周可能会骑自行车去新图书馆(Maybe
A、Horror.B、Romance.C、Thriller.D、Cartoon.C选项的内容表明,本题考查电影的类型。由女士提到的It’sasciencefictionthriller可知,女士要看的电影是科幻惊悚片,故答案为C)。
A、Lookatthemsadly.B、Touchthemgently.C、Keepthemcompany.D、Playgameswiththem.C由短文中提到的shewouldgotowhoeverwassick
Everyday25millionUSchildrenrideschoolbuses.Thesafetyrecordforthesebusesismuchbetterthanforpassengercars;bu
A、Theyworryaboutschool.B、Theydislikelivingwiththeirparents.C、Theyhavetobelockedintoavoidtroubles.D、Theyquarr
A、TheChairmanoftheBoard.B、TheManagingDirector.C、TheGeneralManager.D、TheExecutiveDirector.A四个选项均是职位名称表明,本题可能考查与某职能相
A、Thecomputerdoesn’tworkproperly.B、Peteriswritinganessayonenvironment.C、MaryismuchbetterthanPeterinusingcomp
A、Stayandfinishhisquestions.B、Stayandeatinside.C、Gobikeriding.D、Goouttoeat.A男士回话中的条件句IwouldifIdidn’thaveth
中国的青铜器时代(BronzeAge)从夏开始,经历商、西周到春秋时期(theSpringandAutumnPeriod),前后持续了一千五百多年的时间。大量出土的青铜器物表明,中国创造了灿烂的青铜文明。这些青铜器物不仅有丰富的政治和宗教内涵,而
随机试题
合同履行过程中的同时履行抗辩权的适用条件是()。
“经营单位”栏:()。“征免”栏:()。
下列属于理财从业人员的专业化服务活动表现的有()。
市场竞争行为可分为两大类,即()行为。
下列中国古今地名对应不正确的是:
下列关于运行宏的方法中,错误的是()。
A、西藏北部B、云南西部C、河南东部D、贵州南部B有大雨或暴雨天气的地区是“西藏南部、云南西部、河南西部”,正确的一项是B。
WhatisMary’stelephonenumber?
Lookatthestatementsbelowandthearticleaboutpricingontheoppositepage.Whichsection(A,B,CorD)doeseachstatement
A—internationaltradeB—tariffC—importD—exportE—negotiationF—orderG—sampleH—contractJ—transportationK—customsL—tradeba
最新回复
(
0
)