首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
In 1762, Rousseau published his book Emile, which shook education to its very foundations. Rousseau launched the modern era o
In 1762, Rousseau published his book Emile, which shook education to its very foundations. Rousseau launched the modern era o
admin
2012-01-05
35
问题
In 1762, Rousseau published his book Emile, which shook education to its very foundations.
Rousseau launched the modern era of schooling, teaching, and learning. Beginning with his educational insights and following with practices developed by Johann Pestalozzi, education shifted to a whole new set of assumptions. Truly we could say that man began to think of education from the bottom up. With the belief that man is basically good, education was no longer seen as an instrument to discipline the will, suppress the animal appetites, or save a worthless soul. With the belief that children do not learn like adults, the content, sequence, and approach to subject matter changed. With a new appreciation for how people learn came a new appreciation for elementary education and the professional training of elementary teachers. With the rise of suffrage and concern for the common man came the notion that practical education could provide social and economic opportunity. Education could also help put man in control of his own destiny. In short, education was seen to begin at the bottom, based on the natural and social realities of the world. Man and his practical concerns were the new starting points in the educational quest.
In the Social Contract Rousseau eloquently expressed his belief that man is naturally born noble and free. Society is artificial. Equality and liberty are the natural rights of man.
For Rousseau the proper convention or social contract would be one that would preserve the natural rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. A society has the right to overthrow any leader, government, or external power that violates this democratic covenant.
Emile did for education what The Social Contract did for politics. Emile was a novel, a fictionalized account of how Rousscau would raise an imaginary son, Emile. To educate the child, Rousseau removed him from corrupt society and sent him with a tutor to a rural environment. There he learned from nature. The first words in Emile are as follows: "God makes all things good; man meddles with them and they become evil. " According to Rousseau, only by living close to nature can one’s natural goodness properly unfold and develop.
Rousseau’s revolutionary educational achievement was the formulation of a developmental psychology. Modern theories of developmental psychology differ from Rousseau’s original view, but they owe their beginnings to him. Rousseau’s psychology of the individual is a recapitulation theory. In such a theory, the individual’s development from birth to adulthood is pictured as comparable to the developmental epochs of civilization. Each individual, in growing up, passes through the basic developmental stages of mankind. For Rousseau these stages were the Animal Stage (birth to age 5 years), a stage marked by the development of sense perception and motor activity; the Savage Stage (age 5 to 12 years), a stage marked by the development of self-conscienceness; the Rational Stage (age 12 to 15 years), a stage marked by the development of the powers of reason; and the Social Stage (age 15 to 20 years) , a stage marked by the development of sexual maturity, social relationships, and moral conscience.
Developmental stages that unfold according to a natural plan dictate the method, organization, and content of education. Here Rousseau made a radical break from the past—the child was no longer a miniature adult who should learn what adults wanted him to learn. The concerns of society did not take precedent over the concerns of the individual. The child’s individual nature was the thing of importance. Education should be based on a thorough understanding of the developmental nature of children.
Why is developmental psychology so important in Rousseau’s education theory?
选项
答案
Because through developmental psychology, which dictates the method, organization, and content of education, Rousseau made a radical break from the past. It gives initiatives to children, so that they are not all passive receivers of knowledge. It holds that education doesn’t mean to teach things as chosen by the adults, instead, it should take the development of the child, which is the thing of importance, into consideration.
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/1EwUFFFM
本试题收录于:
翻译硕士(翻译硕士英语)题库专业硕士分类
0
翻译硕士(翻译硕士英语)
专业硕士
相关试题推荐
quality-orientededucation
artificialintelligence
HumanshavebeenchippingawayattheAmazonrainforestsincetheysettledtherewellovertenmillenniaago.Sincethe1970sth
请将以下作品填入对应的作者右边的空格内AnimalFarm;
Atthebeginningof17thcenturyappearedaschoolofpoetscalledmetaphysics,thefounderofmetaphysicalpoetry()
Readthefollowingquoteandwriteanarticleofabout400wordslongforanewspapertoarguefororagainsttheauthor’sopini
She______thousandsofdollarsfromthecharitywhileappearingtobeitsbestfundraiser.
______whenshestartedcomplaining.
Inadditiontourgetoconformwhichwegenerateourselves,thereistheexternalpressureofthevariousformalandinformalgr
Pleaseexplaininyourownwordswhystresscancauseaviciousacademiccycle.(ThisquestionisbasedonPassage4)
随机试题
Whotalksmore,then,womenormen?Theseeminglycontradictory(矛盾的)evidenceisshownbythedifferencebetweenwhatIcallpubl
阅读郭沫若《炉中煤》一诗,然后回答下列小题。炉中煤——眷念祖国的情绪啊,我年青的女郎!啊,我年青的女郎!我不辜负你的殷勤,我想我的前身你
用男性激素治疗低增生性贫血,出现男性特征亢进的表现有
该患者最有可能的诊断为如作涎腺造影检查,不可能出现的描述是
某房地产经纪机构增设了代办业务的咨询业务,这是该机构在产品组合()上的拓展。
企业合并后,原企业债权债务的转移()。
阅读下列说明,回答以下问题,将解答填入答题纸的对应栏内。【说明】针对省级电子政务信息系统建设项目,信息化主管部门启动了业务系统综合管理平台建设工作。建设任务涉及到网络系统建设、应用系统开发和系统集成工作,平台主要是对现有核心业务系统实施监控、审计、分析
Washington:TheBushadministrationhas【L1】______forthefirsttimethatitmaybewillingto【L2】______amultinationalforcein
CrossCulturalBusinessPresentationsWithinthebusinessenvironment,understandingandcopingwithinterculturaldifferencesb
TOEICistheTestofEnglishforInternationalCommunication.Itmeasuresthe【B1】______ofpeopletocommunicateintheworkplace
最新回复
(
0
)