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  3. Throughout the 19th century and into the 20th, citizens of the United States maintained a bias against big cities. Most lived on

Throughout the 19th century and into the 20th, citizens of the United States maintained a bias against big cities. Most lived on

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问题     Throughout the 19th century and into the 20th, citizens of the United States maintained a bias against big cities. Most lived on farms and in small towns and believed cities to be centers of 1 , crime, poverty and moral 2 Their distrust was caused, 3 , by a national ideology that 4 fanning the greatest occupation and rural living 5 to urban living. This attitude 6 even as the number of urban dwellers increased and cities became an essential 7 of the national landscape. Gradually, economic reality overcame ideology. Thousands 8 the precarious (不稳定的) life on the farm for more secure and better paying jobs in the city. But when these people 9 from the countryside , they carried their fears and suspicions with them. These new urbanities already convinced that cities were 10 with great problems; eagerly 11 the progressive reforms that promised to bring order out of the 12 of the city.
    One of many reforms came 13 the area of public utilities. Water and sewerage systems were u-sually operated by 14 governments, but the gas and electric networks were privately owned. Reformers feared that the privately owned utility companies would 15 exorbitant (过度的) rates for these essential services and 16 them only to people who could afford them. Some city and state governments responded by 17 the utility companies, but a number of cities began to supply these services themselves. 18 of these reforms argued that public ownership and regulation would 19 widespread access to these utilities and guarantee a 20 price.
选项 A、disgrace
B、deterioration
C、dishonor
D、degradation
答案D
解析 城市被认为是腐败、堕落的中心，因此选degradation”堕落、退化”，其他选项均不合文意。[A]disgrace“耻辱、失宠”，如：Being poor is no disgrace．贫穷并不是耻辱。[B]deterioration“变坏、恶化”，如：health deterioration健康恶化；[C]dishonor“使丢脸、不光彩”。
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