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  3. The public must be able to understand the basics of science to make informed decisions. Perhaps the most dramatic example of the

The public must be able to understand the basics of science to make informed decisions. Perhaps the most dramatic example of the

admin2021-01-08  31
问题     The public must be able to understand the basics of science to make informed decisions. Perhaps the most dramatic example of the negative consequences of poor communication between scientists and the public is the issue of climate change, where a variety of factors, not the least of which is a breakdown in the transmission of fundamental climate data to the general public, has contributed to widespread mistrust and misunderstanding of scientists and their research.
    The issue of climate change also illustrates how the public acceptance and understanding of science (or the lack of it) can influence governmental decision-making with regard to regulation, science policy and research funding.
    However, the importance of effective communication with a general audience is not limited to hot issues like climate change. It is also critical for socially charged neuroscience issues such as the genetic basis for a particular behavior, the therapeutic potential of stem cell therapy for neurodegenerative diseases, or the use of animal models, areas where the public understanding of science can also influence policy and funding decisions. Furthermore, with continuing advances in individual genome (基因组) sequencing and the advent of personalized medicine, more non-scientists will need to be comfortable analyzing complex scientific information to make decisions that directly affect their quality of life.
    Science journalism is the main channel for the popularization of scientific information among the public.
    Much has been written about how the relationship between scientists and the media can shape the efficient transmission of scientific advances to the public. Good science journalists are specialists in making complex topics accessible to a general audience, while adhering to scientific accuracy.
    Unfortunately, pieces of science journalism can also oversimplify and generalize their subject material to the point that the basic information conveyed is obscured or at worst, obviously wrong. The impact of a basic discovery on human health can be exaggerated so that the public thinks a miraculous cure is a few months to years away when in reality the significance of the study is far more limited.
    Even though scientists play a part in transmitting information to journalists and ultimately the public, too often the blame for ineffective communication is placed on the side of the journalists. We believe that at least part of the problem lies in places other than the interaction between scientists and members of the media, and exists because for one thing we underestimate how difficult it is for scientists to communicate effectively with a diversity of audiences, and for another most scientists do not receive formal training in science communication.
What should non-scientists do to ensure their quality of life?
选项 A、Seek personalized medical assistance from doctors.
B、Acquire a basic understanding of medical science.
C、Have their individual genome sequenced.
D、Make informed use of animal models.
答案B
解析 细节题。原文第三段第三句指出，随着基因组排序的不断进步和个性化医疗的出现，越来越多的非科学家需要能够分析复杂的科学信息，并做出直接影响他们生活质量的决定。由此可知，人们对于基因组、个性医疗等医疗科学知识的认知，影响到他们个人的决策从而影响到其生活质量，所以为了确保其生活质量，非科学家们应该对医学进行基本的了解，故答案为B。原文只提到了个性化医疗的出现，并没有提到个人向医生寻求个性化的医疗帮助，故排除A项。原文只提到了基因组排序的进步，并没有说个人要对基因组进行排序，C项与原文所述不符，故排除。原文虽提到了动物模型但与题干所问无关，故排除D项。
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