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  3. 　　Many children’s hospitals already have storytelling programmes that aim to cheer up patients. But new research, published in t

　　Many children’s hospitals already have storytelling programmes that aim to cheer up patients. But new research, published in t

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问题 　　Many children’s hospitals already have storytelling programmes that aim to cheer up patients. But new research, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , suggests that storytelling also has psychological benefits.
　　"【C1】_______________________"   said study co-author Dr. Jorge Moll,   of D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR) , Brazil. But there was a lack of a solid scientific basis, especially with regard to underlying physiological mechanisms.
　　The team, based at IDOR and the Federal University of ABC, Brazil, studied 81 children between the ages of two and seven, all of whom were in the intensive care unit at Rede D’Or Sao Luiz Jabaquara Hospital. A group of 41 children each had a session with a storyteller, lasting 25 to 30 minutes. A control group of 40 children each had the same amount of time with the same professionals, but they told riddles instead.【C2】_______________________. The saliva samples allowed the researchers to measure levels of the hormone Cortisol, which is related to stress, and the hormone oxytocin, which plays a role in empathy.
　　Both groups of children benefited from the sessions: they all had less Cortisol and more oxytocin in their saliva, suggesting they were less stressed, and they reported less pain and discomfort.【C3】_______________________.
　　At the end of the sessions, the children also took part in a word-association exercise, which included words like "hospital" , "nurse" and "doctor". The team said that while children from the control group responded to the image of a hospital with " this is the place that people go when they are sick" , the storytelling group responded with "this is the place that people go to get better".
　　【C4】_______________________.
　　" As it is a low-cost and highly safe intervention, it can potentially be implemented in the entire
　　public system, once larger scale studies verify its reproducibility and effectiveness.【C5】_________" Moll added.
[A] I consider this study to be one of the most important I have participated in, due to its simplicity, rigour, and potential direct impact on practices in the hospital environment, aiming at the relief of human suffering.
[B] Until now, the positive evidence for storytelling was based on common sense and taken at face value, in which interacting with the child may distract, entertain and alleviate psychological suffering.
[C] Before and after the sessions, the team took saliva samples from each child and assessed their pain level.
[D] Similarly, children from the control group said " this is the bad woman who comes to give me an injection" in response to a doctor or nurse, whereas the storytelling group said " this is the woman who comes to heal me".
[E] During the sessions, all the children in the study had increased levels of oxytocin after listening to stories.
[F] However, the results were twice as strong for the storytelling group than the control group.
[G]We intend to extend and replicate it in other settings and patient groups and to support volunteering dedicated to the noble activity of storytelling, now with more solid scientific evidence.
【C4】
选项
答案[D]
解析 由本题之前提到的The team said that while children from the control group responded to the image of a hospital with “this is the place that people go when they are sick”．the storytelling group responded with “this is the place that people go to get better”“研究小组表示，对照组的儿童对医院形象的反应是‘这是人们生病时去的地方’．而讲故事组的儿童的反应是‘这是人们好转的地方”’可知，讲故事组的儿童使用的词语更加积极。这与选项D中的另外一个例子children from the control group said “this is the bad woman who comes to give me an injection ”in response to a doctor or nurse，whereas the storytelling groupsaid “this is the woman who comes to heal me”“对照组的儿童在回答医生或护士时说‘这是来给我打针的坏女人’，而讲故事组的儿童说‘这是来治愈我的女士”’形成完美的呼应。故本题选择选项D。
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