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  3. In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G

In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G

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问题     In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)
    Something big is up in higher education thanks to the arrival of "massive open online courses"(MOOCs), which can reach millions around the world. What most people —including university leaders—don’t yet realize is that this new way of teaching and learning, together with employers’ growing frustration with the skills of graduates, is poised to usher in a new credentialing system that may compete with college degrees within a decade. 【R1】______
    This innovation therefore has the potential to create enormous opportunities for students, employers, and star teachers even as it upends the cost structure and practices of traditional campuses.【R2】______
    Consider the first of the two converging trends. As is well known, frustration with the performance of traditional institutions is mounting. Most employers say graduates lack the skills they need. Tuition has risen far faster than inflation or household earnings for two decades. Meanwhile, the online revolution in learning is exploding. 【R3】______
    The key question is how quickly these MOOCs will offer not just a breakthrough mode of learning for the enterprising and the curious but also true credentials that students seek because employers value them. Once a sufficient infrastructure of credible exams and assessments around MOOCs is in place, we’ll enter a new world.
    In this world, students will be able to credential themselves routinely via such courses and assessments as a way to bolster their resumes. 【R4】______ Once this challenge to the monopoly of today’s accrediting institutions begins, a big part of higher education may become vulnerable to the kind of disruption the music industry experienced a decade ago, as centrally controlled and distributed albums gave way, thanks to technology, to customized playlists assembled by individuals.
    This won’t happen overnight, hut it won’t take forever, either. If a nontrivial portion of higher education is destined to be challenged this way in the next decade, what will that mean for society? And what should universities do? 【R5】______     Today these business models truly run in full range. On one end are graduate schools that charge full freight for online degrees. On the other end of the spectrum, online learning platforms may be fueling an expectation that education should be "free," with students paying o-ver time for the exams or certificates that prove their value to employers. Maybe that’s a promising model, but the notion of free could as easily prove a risky path that undermines the economics of creating new courses. That’s why L. Rafael Reif, president of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, suggested recently that online students should pay modest fees to help the physical university sustain its mission.
[A]When assessors persuade employers that these credentials are reliable predictors of workplace success, employers will have the confidence to give job candidates "credit" for work done outside the officially accredited institutions of higher education.
[B]Still, university leaders seeking to fulfill their mission in an era of unprecedented change would do well to develop some guiding principles to shape their response.
[C]At the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill’s Kenan-Flagler Business School, for example, tuition is more than $ 90,000 for an online MBA.
[D]This emerging delivery regime is more than just a distribution mechanism; done right, it promises students faster, more consistent engagement with high-quality content, as well as measurable results.
[E]Coursera, a for-profit venture that taps professors and lecturers from 62 universities boasts many courses with 50,000 to 100,000 users who pay nothing for access to the best professors in the world; overall, the company has more than 2. 7 million registered students, who take at least one course.
[F]The answers depend largely on what online business models and motives evolve to govern the roles of teaching talent, colleges, assessment firms, and other key players across the education landscape.
[G]Capturing the promise of this new world without losing the best of the old will require fresh ways to square radically expanded access to world-class instruction with motives to create intellectual property and scholarly communities, plus university leaders intelligent enough to shape these evolving business models while they still can.
【R4】
选项
答案A
解析 空格出现在第五段中间。空格上文指出，在这个世界，学生将能够通过这些课程和测评来证明自己的实力，从而充实自己的简历。根据this world与such courses and assessments的指代关系可知。前者指的是“大型开放式网络课程”所带来的新世界。后者指的是“网络课程及学习结果测评”。空格下文指出，一旦这种对今天这些认证机构独断局面的挑战开始，高等教育的一大部分可能会不堪承受这场变革。根据this challenge的指代作用可推测空格处应该出现其具体指代内容，再根据“这一挑战”是针对今天的“认证机构”而言，可推测空格应涉及“新的认证方式”。[A]指出，当评估人员劝服雇主，这些资格证书是职场成功的可靠预测指标时，雇主就会有信心给予应聘者信任，认可他们在正规高等教育机构范围外所做的工作。“雇主的信任与认可”一方面回应空格前文bolster their resumes，另一方面说明在线学习在通过测评后获得的资格证书亦得到社会认可，构成对正规高等教育机构学历认证的威胁，照应空格下文this challenge to the monopoly of today’s accrediting institutions，故[A]为正确选项。
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