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  3. During the past 34 years, wages for everyone at or below the 30th percentile of the income distribution have essentially been fl

During the past 34 years, wages for everyone at or below the 30th percentile of the income distribution have essentially been fl

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问题     During the past 34 years, wages for everyone at or below the 30th percentile of the income distribution have essentially been flat, while wages for the poorest 10 percent of workers have fallen. At all income levels, women earn less on average than men do.
    Since wages for the lowest income group have fallen while wages at the highest income group have grown, income inequality has also increased. However, while there’s lots of talk about the adverse consequences of growing income inequality, it’ s really poverty, not income inequality, that’ s the problem. And, poverty is a particularly big problem for women and girls, who make up more than half the people living in poverty.
    Poverty has harmful consequences for women. Economist Barry Bosworth at the Brookings Institution looked at life expectancy for people who have reached age 55 and found that, for example, a 55-year-old woman at the bottom of the income distribution can expect to live a decade less— eighty years rather than ninety—than a woman of the same age at the top of the income distribution. These consequences are getting worse over time for low-income women. As Bosworth’ s research paper reported, while life expectancy generally increases over time, that’ s not the case for low-income women. A woman bora in 1940 who is at the bottom of the income distribution has seen her life expectancy shrink by 2.1 years relative to the same low-income women born 20 years earlier.
    A good way to raise the wages of women is to raise the education levels of women. The more educated a woman is, the more income she earns. Economist David Autor of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology found that the median woman with a college degree earned about $23, 000 more a year than a woman who terminated her education once she earned her high school diploma.
    There’ s a another way to increase wages. According to the Economic Policy Institute, there are some unpleasant explanations for low wages. Some employers inappropriately classify workers as independent contractors and some employers engage in "wage theft." Government is trying best to do something about this. "Wage theft" occurs when employers do things like pay less than the minimum wage, don’ t pay overtime rates, and require unpaid work, and seems to be a wide-spread problem. Since women make up two-thirds of workers in amount of service industries—where such problems occur frequently—such as fast-food industry, they’d likely benefit from reduced wage theft.
Each of the following belongs to the "wage theft" EXCEPT______.
选项 A、employees get no extra pay when they work more than eight hours
B、employees get no allowance when they are sick or get pregnant
C、employees get little pay that can not support their basic living
D、employees get no more pay when they are assigned to do retirers’ work
答案B
解析 根据关键词定位到第五段第五句的相关语句，由此可知“偷减工资”包括三种情况．即薪水低于最低收入水平、加班不加钱、多干不给钱。四个选项中，A项“员工工作超过八小时，但是没有被支付额外薪水”对应原文信息中的“加班不给钱”，故不选。C项“员工薪水太少．生活都没法保证”对应原文信息中“薪水低于最低收入”，故不选。D项“员工做了不是自己本职的额外工作，却没有额外薪水”对应原文信息中“多干不给钱”，故不选。B项“员工生病或怀孕没有得到补助”在文中没有提及，故B项为正确答案。
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