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  3. The stunningly slow pace of job creation, which sank to growth of just 32,000 in July, has provided new ammunition in an intense

The stunningly slow pace of job creation, which sank to growth of just 32,000 in July, has provided new ammunition in an intense

admin2014-01-07  47
问题     The stunningly slow pace of job creation, which sank to growth of just 32,000 in July, has provided new ammunition in an intense political debate over job quality.
    For months, Democrats have said that the long-delayed employment recovery was concentrated in low-wage jobs that paid far less than those that were lost. White House officials replied that the available data failed to settle the matter one way or the other.
    The data is still inconclusive. But the weakness in job creation and the apparent weakness in high-paying jobs may be opposite sides of a coin. Companies still seem cautious, relying on temporary workers and anxious about rising health care costs associated with full-time workers. Many economists say that over the long term, the most vulnerable positions are those at the low end of the wage scale that require fewer skills and are easily replicated.
    Even now, at a time when a disproportionate number of new jobs appear to be lower-paying ones, there has been growth in some high-income occupations like accounting, architecture and software.
    Yet the earnings gap between the highest-paid employees and the rest of the work force is still widening, as it has over most of the last 30 years. The trend is most striking in factories, which accounted for the bulk of job losses in the last three years and tended to pay above-average wages.
    In contrast to previous recoveries, when companies rehired a large proportion of laid-off workers, manufacturers have added only 91,000 jobs this year, having eliminated more than two million jobs in the previous three years.
    The largely permanent decline in manufacturing employment, which has been more acute after this recession than in previous ones, spans all levels from blue-collar workers through senior management. It has coincided with a bulge in the number of jobs in low-paying fields that are comparatively easy to enter: retail sales, hotel services and clerical work.
Why do many companies prefer casual laborers?
选项 A、Because they could be low paid.
B、Because they have no privilege of health care which costs higher and higher.
C、Because most of them used to be laid-off workers.
D、Because the rate of employment won’t be influenced.
答案B
解析 第3段提到：公司依然谨慎小心，依靠临时工人，担心与全时工紧密相连的卫生保健费用会上升。所以，正确答案应为B。注意文中temporary workers即题干中casual workers的意思。
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