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  3. What you can remember from age 3 may help improve aspects of your life far into adulthood. Children who have the ability to reca

What you can remember from age 3 may help improve aspects of your life far into adulthood. Children who have the ability to reca

admin2015-03-20  36
问题     What you can remember from age 3 may help improve aspects of your life far into adulthood. Children who have the ability to recall and make sense of memories from daily life—the first day of preschool, the time the cat died—can use them to better develop a sense of identity, form relationships and make sound choices in adolescence and adulthood, new research shows.
    While the lives of many youngsters today are heavily documented in photos and video on social media and stored in families’ digital archives, studies suggest photos and videos have little impact. Parents play a bigger role in helping determine not just how many early memories children can recall, but how children interpret and learn from the events of their earliest experiences.
    "Our personal memories define who we are. They bond us together," says Robyn Fivush, a psychology professor at Emory University in Atlanta and an author of dozens of studies on the topic. Children whose parents encourage recalling and storytelling about daily events show better coping and problem-solving skills by their preteens, and fewer symptoms of depression, research shows.
    Some memories help build a sense of self-continuity, or personal identity, says a 2011 study. People recall these memories when they "want to feel that I am the same person that I was before", or "when I want to understand how I have changed from who I was before". A hurricane survivor, for example, might recall the memory as proof that she can survive tough experiences and grow stronger as a result.
    Other memories serve a directive function, and guide behavior. People recall these when making decisions or to avoid repeating past mistakes. A person whose dog was killed by a car is likely to call on that memory when deciding to keep pets on a leash.
    A third type, social-bonding memories, involve relationships with others. People recall these when they want to strengthen relationships or form new ties, the study says. A college student who participated in a different study cited bedtime-reading sessions with his father, who read him the entire Lord of the Rings trilogy, as a motivator to build and maintain strong family ties in his adult life.
    The ability to draw on all three types of memories predicts higher psychological well-being, a greater sense of purpose and more positive relationships, according to a study of 103 college students published last year in the journal Memory.
The author’ s attitude toward functions of early memories is______.
选项 A、opposed
B、affirmative
C、paradoxical
D、uncertain
答案B
解析 文章第一段指出自3岁起的儿时记忆对人后天的发展有着重要作用。接下来分别介绍了三种类型的记忆对孩子的积极影响。最后一段说明如果这三种类型的记忆都能够存留，就可以预测出一个人的心理状况将更健康，目标感更强，人际关系也更融洽。可见，作者对于早期记忆是持肯定态度的，故B项为正确答案。A项“反对的”、C项“矛盾的”、D项“不确定的”均不符合题意。
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