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  3. [A] Most people falsely believe that plastics recycling is severely restricted: that only a few types can be recycled at all. Th

[A] Most people falsely believe that plastics recycling is severely restricted: that only a few types can be recycled at all. Th

admin2021-09-25  20
问题     [A] Most people falsely believe that plastics recycling is severely restricted: that only a few types can be recycled at all. This is unsurprising. The proportion of plastics that are recycled is minimal. The UK, for example, uses five million tonnes of plastic each year, and only 370, 000 tonnes are recycled each year: that’s just 7%.
    [B] All of the rest can technically be reprocessed into new materials for different applications. In the final instance, any plastic waste can be shredded and used as filler for asphalt, or be pyrolysed— decomposed through heating—to produce fuel. The Japanese company Blest Corporation already sells a portable machine to convert domestic plastic waste into fuel in a simple, affordable way.
    [C] But all polymers are, technologically, 100% recyclable. Some of them have the perfect cradle-to-cradle lifecycle: they can be used again and again to produce the same goods. Some plastics can be reused just as they are by shredding an object into flakes, melting it, and reusing.
    [D] The disposal of plastics is a highly visible global problem—from the highest mountains to the deepest ocean trenches, waste plastic seems inescapable. In natural conditions, plastics are nearly indestructible, and yet they are discarded worldwide on a large scale; the world produces around 359 million tonnes of plastics each year. The environment cannot address their disposal at a speed fast enough to prevent harm to living beings. This has led to a wrong consensus that plastics are an unsustainable material. And yes, plastics are certainly an enormous problem, but they don’t necessarily have to be.
    [E] Building materials made from recycled plastics are not yet widely used in the construction industry—prototypes have mainly been used for demonstrative installations. It will take political will and widespread environmental awareness to encourage more investment into the potential in plastics recycling. But hopefully the tide is beginning to turn, as a consequence of the increasing pressure from public opinion about the plastic pollution matter. Thanks to the engagement of government and industry with the idea of a circular economy, it seems that there will be an opening in the market—and in people’s minds—to welcome plastic initiatives to replace conventional building materials.
    [F] Such recycled plastics may have lower mechanical properties compared to virgin plastics, because each time you melt and process a plastic, the polymeric chains degrade. But these properties can be recovered by mixing it to additives or virgin plastic. Examples of successful industrial recycling include PET, which is used to make soft drinks bottles.
    [G] Many universities and entrepreneurs are attempting to do this. Most solutions target mixed plastic waste and suggest applications different from the original ones. For example, several groups have developed building materials made of plastic waste. Plastics are strong, durable, waterproof, lightweight, easy to mould, and recyclable—all key properties for construction materials. So what if all of this plastic waste could be converted into building materials for low-income populations?

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答案E
解析 结合第六段[C]中提到了一些研究人员研发出用废弃塑料制成建筑材料，并且提到塑料制成的建筑材料的种种优点。[E]段承接第六段进一步介绍塑料建筑材料的使用现状，并且展望其应用和推广前景。
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