首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In the late years of the nineteenth century, "capital" and "labour" were enlarging and perfecting their rival organisations on m
In the late years of the nineteenth century, "capital" and "labour" were enlarging and perfecting their rival organisations on m
admin
2009-03-16
29
问题
In the late years of the nineteenth century, "capital" and "labour" were enlarging and perfecting their rival organisations on modern lines. Many an old firm was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy of salaried managers. The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders. It was moreover a step away from individual initiative, towards collectivism and municipal and state-owned business. The railway companies, though still private business managed for the benefit of shareholders, were very unlike old family business. Meanwhile the great municipalities went into business to supply lighting, trams and other services to the taxpayers.
The growth of the limited liability company and municipal business had important consequences. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners; and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business. During the nineteenth century, America, Africa, India, Australia and parts of Europe were being developed by British capital, and British shareholders were thus enriched by the world’s movement towards industrialisation. Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large "comfortable" classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders’ meeting to dictate their orders to the management. On the other hand "shareholding" meant leisure and freedom which was used by many of the later Victorians for the highest purpose of a great civilisation.
The "shareholders" as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of employees in the company in which they held shares, and their influence on the relations of capital and labour was not good. The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the workers and their demands, but even he had seldom familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employers had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business. Indeed the mere size of operations and the number of workmen involved rendered such personal relations impossible. Fortunately, however, the increasing power and organisation of the trade unions, at least in all skilled trades, enabled the workmen to meet on equal terms the managers of the companies who employed them. The cruel discipline of the strike and lockout taught the two parties to respect each other’s strength and understand the value of fair negotiation.
选项
A、were ruined by the younger generations.
B、failed for lack of individual initiative.
C、lacked efficiency compared with modern companies.
D、were able to supply adequate services to taxpayers.
答案
C
解析
作者说旧式的家族企业:选项A:旧式的家族企业被年轻一代毁掉。文章第一段是提到了,但这不是文章所要说的重点。文章主要在谈有限责任公司和股东。选项B:旧式的家族企业缺少个人主动性。很显然不正确,旧式的家族企业的创始人是积极肯干的,只是第二代第三代缺少激情。选项C:旧式的家族企业和现代企业相比缺少效率,正确。选项D:能向纳税人提供全方位的服务和设施。这不是旧式的家族企业,而是市政府等公益部门的主要职责。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/rSBsFFFM
本试题收录于:
公共英语四级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语四级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
Whichofthefollowingbestexplainswhatmakesdiamondagoodengineeringmaterial?Whichpropertyofdiamondmakesitaperfe
Anallergyisanunusuallystrongreaction(31)asubstance.Manythingscancauseallergies.Themostcommoncauseispollen.T
Itcanbeconcludedthataconcentrationofcarbondioxideintheatmospherewould______.Onthebasisoftheirmodels,scient
ItissaidthatChinaisoneofthecountrieswherepiratedproductsflourish.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestopreventsuch
Wherewastheletterprobablyplacedmanyyearsago?
Asthe21stcenturybegins,anumberofleadersinpolitics,education,andotherprofessionsbelievethattheUnitedStatesmus
Averyimportantworldproblem—infact,Ithinkitmaybethemostimportantofallthegreatworldproblemswhichfaceusat
relax本题有一定的难度。在第五个话轮中,女士指出自己周末也工作,然后在第六个话轮中男士问她是不是(周末)从不休息,从女士的回答及后面的话轮可知她正是这样。男士的noteverrelax即是neverrelax,因此本题应填入relax。
breakfast第四外话轮中女士直接指出:thenIhavebreakfast,题目只是将直接引语变成了间接引语。
WhatistheoriginoftheBritishMuseum?
随机试题
Unfortunately,Cindy’smotherisn’ttheonlyparentwhosuffersfromSituationalTimbercularGlaucoma—theoccasional【C1】______(a
张某,腹中绞痛,欲吐欲泻不得,烦燥闷乱,脉象沉伏,可选用
属于非极性溶剂的是
患者,男性,50岁,因支气管哮喘发作到急诊,因护士操作不当,快速静脉推注某药时,患者出现头晕,心悸,心律失常,血压急剧下降,该药可能是
甲有限责任公司因经营不善而长期亏损,现金流严重不足。经查甲公司现有资产2100万元,负债3800万元,其中欠乙商业银行2000万元贷款已经到期不能清偿。乙商业银行将甲公司诉至人民法院,并申请对甲公司财产采取保全措施。甲公司现拟申请破产,股东会专门向公司法律
制定课程设计的首要问题是()。
请画出韦斯特利—麦克莱恩模式并阐释其含义。《清华大学2005研)
求下列不定积分:
Greekfirefightersplannedtocontinuetoworkthroughthenightto【B1】______dozensof【B2】______,includingamassive【B3】_____
Thecelebritysaysincourtpapersshe"hasno________ofgivinganyauthorizationtoanyonetoproceedwithadivorce."
最新回复
(
0
)