首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
At the dawn of the 20th century, suburbia was a dream inspired by revulsion to the poverty and crowding of the cities. In the vi
At the dawn of the 20th century, suburbia was a dream inspired by revulsion to the poverty and crowding of the cities. In the vi
admin
2022-03-28
30
问题
At the dawn of the 20th century, suburbia was a dream inspired by revulsion to the poverty and crowding of the cities. In the visions of architects, there would be neighborhood parks, tree-lined streets and low-density housing free from the pollution and social problems of the cities. As the top map of the New York City metropolitan area shows, commuter suburbs had sprung up near the railway lines on Long Island and Westchester County by 1930, but further expansion was fueled in large part by the automobile. Eventually it was apparent that much of suburbia was not delivering on the early promise.
The extraordinary growth of car ownership in 20th-century America was made possible by abundant domestic oil, the world’s largest highway system, and low taxes on vehicles and gasoline.
But suburban growth would not have been nearly as great were it not for government policies that penalized cities and rewarded suburbs. For instance, federal mortgage insurance programs tended to promote new housing on outlying land rather than repair of existing city housing and, furthermore, excluded racially mixed neighborhoods that were deemed unstable. American communities have far fewer impediments to expansion than European ones: London, for instance, restricted sprawl by establishing greenbelts on its periphery.
Tax deductions for mortgage interest in the U. S. have been larger than those of most other countries. Furthermore, suburban jurisdictions in the U. S. have far greater zoning powers than their foreign counterparts and use this power to reinforce low-density housing by requiring large lots, thus increasing the number of affluent taxpayers and reducing the need to supply services to needy families. Arguably, the most important stimulus to "white flight" out of the city was fear of crime, particularly crime by blacks—a fear reinforced by the social pathologies of public housing, where blacks and other minorities predominate. Such apprehension helps to explain why revitalization projects and improved mass-transit systems have failed to lure the middle class back to the city in large numbers.
Suburban expansion may conjure up images of aesthetic degradation and cultural sterility, but it has provided better housing for millions. In the process of suburbanization, low-income city families have also benefited because of the housing stock that became available as the middle class fled. By spreading out, U. S. cities avoided the sometimes oppressive densities of Japanese and European cities. Indeed, so great is the compactness in Tokyo that Japanese officials see deconcentration as a high priority.
Overall, however, the suburban push financially hurt cities, which saw their tax bases shrink. They were disproportionately affected by unfunded federal mandates and thus hindered in efforts to provide quality schools and reliable municipal services. Indeed, New York City’s fiscal problems in the 1970s followed, and were worsened by the middle-class flight into the suburbs. The outflow, rather than population growth, drove rapid suburban spread.
What is one of the consequences of suburbanization?
选项
A、Urban skyline has been improved.
B、More houses are made available to low-income families.
C、Developing suburbia has been on top of the U. S. government agenda.
D、The U. S. government has lost control over suburban sprawl.
答案
B
解析
细节题。题目问的是“郊区化的结果之一是什么?”。由文章第四段第二句“In the process of suburbanization,low—income city families have also benefited because of the housing stock that became available as the middle class fled. ”可知:在郊区化的过程中,由于中产阶级的离开,住房储备量得以增加,这对低收入城市家庭来说也受益不少,这与B项内容相符。故选B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/qYIsFFFM
本试题收录于:
公共英语五级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语五级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
AnotherearlyNativeAmericantribein(31)isnowthesouthwesternpartoftheUnitedStateswastheAnasazi.ByA.D.800theA
AnswerQuestionsbyreferringtoaselectionaboutmobilephonesinthefollowingmagazinearticle.Note:Whenmorethanone
ThelifeofAlbertEinsteinisamodelinmanyways(31)bothnaturalandpoliticalscientists.Firstofall,healwaysempl
ThelifeofAlbertEinsteinisamodelinmanyways(31)bothnaturalandpoliticalscientists.Firstofall,healwaysempl
ThelifeofAlbertEinsteinisamodelinmanyways(31)bothnaturalandpoliticalscientists.Firstofall,healwaysempl
Whatdoesateacheroftenfeelinhisfirstyearofteaching?
Answerquestionsbyreferringtothefollowingarticle.Whicharticle…ATheGovernmentisgoingtogivenew"jobsplitt
MissWanghasmetProfessorKennedybefore.
WhatdidSelouswanttobewhenhewasyoung?
InpartsofBrazil’spoornortheast,snakesandparrotsareonsalebytheroadsideforafewreais.InBrazil,aselsewherein
随机试题
以下哪项不符合支气管哮喘的表现
普鲁卡因不用于表面麻醉的原因是()。
根据《水利工程质量监督管理规定》,工程质量检测是()的重要手段。
自2015年10月24日起,下调金融机构人民币贷款和存款基准利率,同时,下调金融机构人民币存款准备金率0.5个百分点。此次操作后,金融机构一年期贷款基准利率下调至4.35%;一年期存款基准利率下调至1.5%。同时,对商业银行和农村合作金融机构等不再设置存款
在进行广告媒体效果监测时,研究人员将一种小型的记录设备直接连接在广告对象的电视机上,只要广告对象打开了电视机并在一定范围内收看电视节目,这种仪器就会自动记录他们收视的频道,研究人员定期将这些记录结果取回,经过累计分析并与电视台的节目清单对照,就可以清晰地发
—Goodmorning,madam.CanIhelpyou?—Sure,I’dlike___________forcookingvegetables.
问卷调查中,首先问“您是否结婚?”,如果回答是未婚,将跳过以下问题不问。如果回答是已婚,则进一步问“您是否有孩子?”设未婚概率为0.4,已婚中有孩子的概率为0.8,则访问中回答有孩子的概率是
分析论述托尔曼的符号学习理论。
•Readthearticlebelowaboutbuying-acomputer.•ChoosethebestwordtofilleachgapfromA,B,CorD.•Foreachquestion
DangersofUsingComputerTerminalsUndoubtedly,thecomputerhasgreatlyincreasedhumanbeing’sworkingcapacityandintel
最新回复
(
0
)