首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Much of the excitement among investigators in the field of intelligence derives from their trying to determine exactly what inte
Much of the excitement among investigators in the field of intelligence derives from their trying to determine exactly what inte
admin
2016-10-15
9
问题
Much of the excitement among investigators in the field of intelligence derives from their trying to determine exactly what intelligence is. Different investigators have emphasized different aspects of intelligence in their definitions. 【F1】
For example, in a 1921 symposium on the definition of intelligence, the American psychologist Lewis M. Terman emphasized the ability to think abstractly, while another American psychologist, Edward L. Thorndike, emphasized learning and the ability to give good responses to questions.
In a similar 1986 symposium, however, psychologists generally agreed on the importance of adaptation to the environment as the key to understanding both what intelligence is and what it does. Such adaptation may occur in a variety of environmental situations.【F2】
For example, a student in school learns the material that is required to pass or do well in a course; a physician treating a patient with an unfamiliar disease adapts by learning about the disease; an artist reworks a painting in order to make it convey a more harmonious impression.
【F3】
For the most part, adapting involves making a change in oneself in order to cope more effectively, but sometimes, effective adaptation involves either changing the environment or finding a new environment altogether.
Effective adaptation draws upon a number of cognitive processes, such as perception, learning, memory, reasoning, and problem solving. The main trend in defining intelligence, then, is that it is not itself a cognitive or mental process, but rather a selective combination of these processes purposively directed toward effective adaptation to the environment.【F4】
For example, the physician noted above learning about a new disease adapts by perceiving material on the disease in medical literature, learning what the material contains, remembering crucial aspects of it that are needed to treat the patient, and then reasoning to solve the problem of how to apply the information to the needs of the patient.
Intelligence, in sum, has come to be regarded as not a single ability but an effective drawing together of many abilities.【F5】
This has not always been obvious to investigators of the subject, however, and, indeed, much of the history of the field revolves around arguments regarding the nature and abilities that constitute intelligence.
【F5】
选项
答案
然而,对智力课题研究人员来说,这一点并非一直很清楚。实际上,这个课题的研究史主要是围绕智力的本质和智力所涉及的能力而进行的争论。
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/gNT7FFFM
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoarealwayssayingthatgiventhechoicewewouldprefertoliveinthecountryawayfromth
Ifyougodowntothewoodstoday,youmaymeethigh-techtrees—geneticallymodifiedtospeedtheirgrowthorimprovethequalit
OntheheelsofElNino,itsopposite,LaNinamaysoonarrive.InaWeeklyUpdate,scientistsattheNOAAClimatePredictionCe
Thedestructionofournaturalresourcesandcontaminationofourfoodsupplycontinuetooccur,largelybecauseoftheextreme
Women’sfertilityisdeterminedinlargepartatbirth.Theyarebornwiththeirtotalnumberofreproductivecells,whichnorma
Expressionismisanartisticstyleinwhichtheartistseekstodepictnotobjectiverealitybutratherthesubjectiveemotions
WhenNeilArmstrongandBuzzAldrinreturnedfromthemoon,theircargoincludednearlyfiftypoundsofrockandsoil,whichwer
WhenNeilArmstrongandBuzzAldrinreturnedfromthemoon,theircargoincludednearlyfiftypoundsofrockandsoil,whichwer
WhenNeilArmstrongandBuzzAldrinreturnedfromthemoon,theircargoincludednearlyfiftypoundsofrockandsoil,whichwer
随机试题
早期诊断本病的指标是该病人最根本的治疗措施是
牙周炎在X线片上表现为
既可润肠通便,又可利水消肿的药是
氯化物检查法中,50ml供试液中氯化物浓度(以Cl-计)应为( )。
根据药品管理法法定要求,未强制要求药品经营企业执行的是()。
城市供热管网的二级管网采用的管网为()形式。
某建材商店销售并提供安装实木地板,其正确的税务处理是()。
热:蒸发
提高乒乓球击球成功率技术的要素是()。
将长度为L的棒随机折成两段,则较短段的数学期望为_________.
最新回复
(
0
)