2. 外语
  3. That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings is a phenomenon known as the "first-

That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings is a phenomenon known as the "first-

admin2017-08-15  42
问题     That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings is a phenomenon known as the "first-night" effect. If a person stays in the same room the following night they tend to sleep more soundly. Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown University set out to investigate the origins of this effect.
    Dr. Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved. The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it when performance might be affected the following day. She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators (捕食者). This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing. To take a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the university’s Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity of their brains. Dr. Sasaki found, as expected, the participants slept less well on their first night than they did on their second, taking more than twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping less overall. During deep sleep, the participants’ brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins. On the first night only, the left hemispheres (半球) of their brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres did.
    Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that, if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found.
What did Dr. Sasaki do when re-running her experiment?
选项 A、She analyzed the negative effect of irregular tones on brains.
B、She recorded participants’ adaptation to changed environment.
C、She exposed her participants to two different stimuli.
D、She compared the responses of different participants.
答案C
解析 本题可参照文章的第3段。从文章的第3段可知，佐佐木博士在第二次实验时，在参与者在夜晚进入睡眠后，加入了同种音调规律的定时蜂鸣声和不同音调无规律的蜂鸣声的混合，从而测试大脑左半球是否会对打扰人们睡眠的不规律蜂鸣声做出反应。由此可以推出，第二次实验时，她对参与者进行了两种声音的刺激。据此可知，C项正确。A项不正确，在文中未提及负面影响。B、D两项不正确，文中并未提及。C项与文章的意思相符，因此C项为正确答案。
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