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  3. The diagrams below show the stages and equipment used in the cement-making process, and how cement is used to produce concrete f

The diagrams below show the stages and equipment used in the cement-making process, and how cement is used to produce concrete f

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问题 The diagrams below show the stages and equipment used in the cement-making process, and how cement is used to produce concrete for building purposes.
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答案The diagrams illustrate the way in which cement is made and how it is then used in the process of making concrete. Overall, limestone and clay pass through four stages before being bagged ready for use as cement, which is one of the four materials used to produce concrete. While the process of making cement uses a number of tools, the production of concrete requires only a concrete mixer. In the first stage of making cement, limestone and clay are crushed together to form a powder. This powder is then combined in a mixer before passing into a rotating heater which has constant heat applied at one end of the tube. The resulting mixture is ground in order to produce cement. The final product is afterwards put into bags ready to be used. Regarding the second diagram, concrete consists of mainly gravel, and this makes up 50% of the ingredients. The other materials used are sand (25%), cement (15%) and water (10%). These are all poured into a concrete mixer which continually rotates to combine the materials and ultimately produces concrete.
解析 本图的难点在于生词过多，且流程复杂(尤其是左图)，容易让人犯懵。但实际上对于生词，只要大致猜出其意思即可。如cement和concrete是两种成品，两图是分别介绍这两种东西的制作过程。而limestone、clay、powder、gravel等可推知是表示原材料的名词，写作时只要照抄即可。而几个以-er后缀出现的词，如crusher、mixer、rotating heater、grinder，则应该是工具，且由基本构词法可知，这些工具对应的动词应该是crush、mix、heat、grind。
至于流程上，只要耐心地仔细观察每一步，按照上面的方法，确定每一个步骤的材料、工具、动作及产生的结果即可成句。再增添适当的连接词即可。如左图的第一步，可以确定材料是limestone和clay，工具是crushed，动作应是crush，产生的结果是form a powder“形成一种粉末”，故句子可考虑写成The limestone and clay are crushed together to form a powder，其他步骤以此类推即可。
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