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  3. Why do some new products succeed, bring millions of dollars to innovative companies, while others fail, often with great losses7

Why do some new products succeed, bring millions of dollars to innovative companies, while others fail, often with great losses7

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问题    Why do some new products succeed, bring millions of dollars to innovative companies, while others fail, often with great losses7 The answer is not simple, and certainly we cannot say that "good" products succeed while "bad" products fail. Many products that function well and seem to meet consumer needs have fallen by the wayside. Sometimes, virtually identical products exist in the market at the same time with one emerging as profitable while the other fails. Mc. Neal Laboratories’ Tylenol has become successful as an aspirin substitute, yet Bristol Meyers entered the test market at about the same time with Neotrend, also a substitute for aspirin which quickly failed.
   The nature of the product is a factor in its success or failure, but the important point is that they should aim at meeting the customer’s need, and the introductory promotion should seek to communicate that need satisfying quality and motivate the customer to try the product. Often, attitude change is involved, and, in the extreme, changes in life style may be sought.
   Here the company walks a tightrope. A new product is more likely to be successful if it represents a truly novel way of solving a customer problem, but this very newness, if carried too far, may ask the customer to learn new behavior patterns. The customer will make the change if the perceived benefit is sufficient, but inertia is strong and consumers will often not go to the effort that is required. During the late sixties and early seventies Bristol Meyers met with new product failures that exemplify both of these problems. In 1967 and 1968 the company entered the market with a $ 5 million advertising campaign for fact toothpaste, and an $11 million campaign to promote resolve. Both products failed quickly, not be cause they didn’t work or because there was no consumer need, but apparently because consumers just could see no reason to shift from an already satisfactory product to a different one that promised no new benefit.
What does the author mean when he says "the company walks a tightrope"(Sentence 1, Para. 3)?
选项 A、The company has both the chance to succeed and to fail in dealing in a new product.
B、The company has to study customer’s behavior before a new product is introduced.
C、The company has to find a new way to solve customer’s problems before a new product is put’ on the market.
D、The company has to make a great effort to overcome the customer’s inertia.
答案A
解析 公司很难对付一个新产品，难以保持平衡。属于推理题。走钢丝意味着难行。[B]公司需要在介绍新产品前研究顾客的行为。[C]公司需要寻找新的方法在新产品投放市场前解决顾客的问题。[D]公司需要做出巨大努力克服顾客的惰性。此三项虽在文中提及，但不合题意。
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