首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The poorest people in Leicester by a wide margin are the Somalis who live in the St Matthews housing estate. Refugees from civil
The poorest people in Leicester by a wide margin are the Somalis who live in the St Matthews housing estate. Refugees from civil
admin
2017-12-31
35
问题
The poorest people in Leicester by a wide margin are the Somalis who live in the St Matthews housing estate. Refugees from civil war, they endure peeling surroundings and appalling joblessness. At the last census the local unemployment rate was three times the national average. But Abdikayf Farah, who runs a local charity, is oddly upbeat. Just look at the children, he says. Close to Mr Farah’s office is Taylor Road Primary School— which, it turns out, trumps almost every school in Leicester in standardised tests. Its headmaster, Chris Hassall, credits the Somali immigrants, who insist that their children turn up for extra lessons at weekends and harry him when they seem to fall behind. Education is their ticket out of poverty. Poor district, wonderful school, well-ordered children: in Britain, the combination is not as unusual as one might suppose.
Britain has prized the ideal of economically mixed neighbourhoods since the 19th century. Poverty and disadvantage are intensified when poor people cluster, runs the arguments conversely, the rich are unfairly helped when they are surrounded by other rich people. Social mixing ought to help the poor. It sounds self-evident—and colours planning regulations that ensure much social and affordable housing is dotted among more expensive private homes. Yet there is absolutely no serious evidence to support this. And there is new evidence to suggest it is wrong. Researchers at Duke University in America followed over 1,600 children from age five to 12 in England and Wales. They found that poor boys living in largely well-to-do areas were the most likely to engage in anti-social behaviour. Misbehaviour starts very young and intensifies as they grow older. Poor boys in the poorest neighbourhoods were the least likely to run into trouble. For rich kids, the opposite is true: those living in poor areas are more likely to misbehave.
The researchers suggest several reasons for this. Poorer areas are often heavily policed, deterring would-be miscreants: it may be that people in wealthy places are less likely to spot misbehaviour, too. Living alongside the rich may also make the poor more keenly aware of their own deprivation. That, in turn, increases the feelings of alienation that are associated with anti-social conduct. Research on England’s schools turns up a slightly different pattern. Children entitled to free school meals—a proxy for poverty—do best in schools containing very few other poor children, perhaps because teachers can give them plenty of attention. But, revealingly, poor children also fare unusually well in schools where there are a huge number of other poor children. That may be because schools have no choice but to focus on them. Thus in Tower Hamlets, a deprived east London borough, 60% of poor pupils got five good GCSEs in 2013: the national average was 38%. Worst served are pupils who fall in between, attending schools where they are insufficiently numerous to merit attention but too many to succeed alone.
Mr Cheshire reckons that America, too, provides evidence of the limited benefits of social mixing. Look, he says, at the Moving to Opportunity programme, started in the 1990s, through which some poor people received both counselling and vouchers to move to richer areas. Others got financial help to move as they wished, but no counselling. A third group received nothing. Studies after 10-15 years suggested that the incomes and employment prospects of those who moved to richer areas had not improved. Boys who moved showed worse behaviour and were more likely to be arrested for property crime.
In Britain, this pattern might be partly explained by the existence of poor immigrant neighbourhoods. The people living in ghettos are poor in means, but not poor in aspiration. They channel their ambitions through their children. Another explanation lies in the way that the British government hands out money. Education funding is doled out centrally, and children in the most indigent parts tend to get the most cash. Schools in Tower Hamlets receive £7,014 a year for each child, for example, compared with the English average of £4,675. Secondary schools also get £935 for each poor child thanks to the "pupil premium" introduced by the government. In America, by contrast, much school funding comes from local property taxes, so those in impoverished areas lose out.
As the Duke University researchers are keen to point out, all this does not in itself prove that economically mixed neighbourhoods are a bad thing. They may be good in other ways. But the research does suggest that the benefits of such districts are far from straightforward. Patterns of social segregation reflect broader social inequality, argues Mr Cheshire. Where mixed neighbourhoods flourish, house prices rise, overwhelmingly benefiting the rich. Spending more money on schools in deprived areas and dispatching the best teachers there would do more to help poor children. Assuming that a life among wealthy neighbours will improve their lot is too complacent.
The author introduces the Somali immigrants living in the English Midlands in order to demonstrate that ______.
选项
A、the local unemployment rate there is much higher than the national average
B、the racial discrimination there is fiercer than the other parts of Britain
C、the ideal of economically mixed neighbourhoods is realised in Leicester
D、the education level of poor Somali children is much higher than expected
答案
D
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/Y9CYFFFM
本试题收录于:
NAETI高级口译笔试题库外语翻译证书(NAETI)分类
0
NAETI高级口译笔试
外语翻译证书(NAETI)
相关试题推荐
Whatweneedisa"CultureofTolerance",awaytoreconciletheneedforidentitywithanopenandoutward-lookingspirit.Tole
Betweenthe1950sand1980s,wesawtremendousimprovementsinthesafetyofthefoodweeatinEurope.Whatwecancallthe"fi
世界著名的《格萨尔王传》是藏族人民在漫长历史长河中创造出来的一部珍贵的长篇英雄史诗,是中国乃至世界文学宝库中少有的珍品,但一直是通过民间说唱艺人口头流传为了保护藏民族的这一文化瑰宝,西藏自治区于1979年成立了抢救、整理《格萨尔王传》的专门机构,进行全面搜
Changesineducationalapproaches,beliefsandpracticescomefastertodaythanmostteachers,parentsandchildrencanbeginto
下面你将听到的是一段有关儿童发展的讲话。儿童的生存、保护和发展是提高人口素质的基础,直接关系到一个国家和民族的前途与命运。中华民族素有“携幼”、“爱幼”的传统美德,中国古语“幼吾幼以及人之幼”流传至今。中国政府一向以认真和负责的态度,高
A、AComparativeStudyoftheTelecomIndustryinChinaandIndiaB、DifferencesonUseofMobilePhonesinChinaandIndiaC、Geog
ThemovieactorArnoldSchwargenegger,whoisrunningforgovernorofCalifornia,belongstotheconservativeDemocraticParty.
A、2million.B、5%.C、2.5%.D、Halfamillion.D迅速找寻有关数字信息并作出正确判断。
与政府存在合约关系的美国公司经常面临这样的选择,究竟购买价格昂贵的本土产品,还是价格低廉的外来产品。如果公司选择购买本土产品,可能会因为未能把价格压低而激怒纳税人。但如果购买外来产品,则可能让美国工人面临失业危机。最近,美国国会通过法律,勒令与政府签过合同
Thecentralideaofcellphonesisthatyoushouldbeconnectedtoalmosteveryoneandeverythingatalltimes.Thetroubleist
随机试题
A.生长激素B.糖皮质激素C.肾上腺素D.甲状腺激素影响神经系统发育最重要的激素是
阻塞性无精子症时
现代医学模式指的是
某资源联合开采企业为增值税一般纳税人,2009年1月生产经营情况如下:(1)专门开采的天然气5千立方米,开采原煤450万吨,采煤过程中生产天然气0.28千立方米;(2)销售开采的原煤200万吨,取得不含税销售额23400万元;
OWC的中文含义是什么?CY-CY运输条款能否允许集装箱在码头堆场拆箱?
患者,男,38岁,失血性休克抢救过程中出现呼吸困难、发绀,吸氧无效,PaO2持续降低。诊断是休克肺,首先应采取的护理措施是()。
中国共产党、全国人大、国务院、人民政协的地位、作用及其相互关系如何?
计算=_______。
行政领导者通过一定方式在组织与外部环境之间,组织内部各单位之间,组织的成员之间建立分工合作,协调一致的和谐关系,以实现行政执行目标的管理活动是指()。
委托方对资产评估报告书的使用,可以有以下几种具体的用途()。
最新回复
(
0
)