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Complete the flow chart below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer. Expertise in creative writing
Complete the flow chart below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer. Expertise in creative writing
admin
2022-03-08
15
问题
Complete the flow chart below.
Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.
Expertise in creative writing
Good morning, everyone! I would like to present the summary of work I’ve done now on my research project look into expertise in creative writing. More importantly, I’m going to share with you the procedure I underwent to collect my interim findings.
First, I think you should all know something about my relevant background information. Before I started my current degree course in cognitive psychology,
I studied English literature.
And as you can imagine, this meant I spent a great deal of time thinking about the notion of creativity, and what makes people develop into successful writers.
However, the idea for this research project resulted from a very specific cause. I became fascinated with the idea of what makes an expert creative writer. When
I read a well-known twentieth century writer’s autobiography.
I won’t say which one at this stage, because I think that might prejudice your interpretation... anyway, this got me thinking about the different routes to expertise. Specifically, I wondered why some people become experts at things whilst others failed to do so, in spite of the fact that they may become equally gifted and work equally hard. I started to read about how other researchers had explored similar questions in other fields. I began to see a pattern, that
those studies which involved laboratory research were too controlled for my purpose, and I decided to avoid reading them.
I was quite surprised to find that the clearest guidance for my topic
came from investigations into what I call practical skills, such as hairdressing or waiting on tables.
Most of these studies tended to use a similar set of procedures which I eventually adopted for my own project.
I’ll now explain what these procedures were. I decided to compare what inexperience writers do with what experience writers do. In order to investigate this,
I looked for 4 people whom I regarded as real novelists in this field, which proved easy, perhaps unsurprisingly.
It proved much harder to locate people with suitably extensive experience, who were willing to take part in my study. I asked the first four to do a SAT writing task and as they wrote to talk into a tape recorder, a technique known as ’think aloud’.
This was in order to get experimental data. Whilst they were doing this, a research assistant recorded them with video.
I thought it might be helpful for me and my transcriptions later on. I then asked four experienced writers to do it exactly the same task.
After this, I made a comparison between the two sets of data and this helps me to produce a framework for analysis.
In particular, I identified 5 major stages which all creative writing seemed to go through when generating this genre text. I think it was fairly effective but still needed some work, so I intended to tighten this up later for use with subsequent data sets. And then I wanted to see whether experience writers were actually producing the better pieces of writing.
So I asked an editor, an expert in reviewing creative writing,
to decide which were the best pieces of evaluations.
I was then able to work out which sequence of the five stages seem to lead to the best writing.
Now my findings are by no means conclusive at this point. I still have a long way to go, but if any of you have any questions I’d be happy to answer them.
选项
答案
autobiography
解析
定位句为“I read a well-known twentieth century writer’s autobiography.”。本题的难度系数较大,首先流程图中的第二步定位词虽然较为明显,可选择为idea,但听力录音中捕捉到idea后出现较多信息,旨在考查考生整体理解的能力。另外,需要注意听前预测时,提示词book后出现一个括号信息,括号的功能为补充说明,因此空格上所需单词为book的类型。基于此,根据定位句可知答案为autobiography。
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本试题收录于:
雅思听力题库雅思(IELTS)分类
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