首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
If you smoke, you’d better hurry. From July 1st pubs all over England will, by law, be no-smoking areas. So will restaurants, of
If you smoke, you’d better hurry. From July 1st pubs all over England will, by law, be no-smoking areas. So will restaurants, of
admin
2010-11-27
39
问题
If you smoke, you’d better hurry. From July 1st pubs all over England will, by law, be no-smoking areas. So will restaurants, offices and even company cars, if more than one person uses them. England’s smokers are following a well-trodden path. The other three bits of the United Kingdom have already banned smoking in almost all enclosed public spaces, and there are anti-smoking laws of varying strictness over most of Western Europe. The smoker’s journey from glamour through toleration to suspicion is finally reaching its end in pariah status.
But behind this public-health success story lies a darker tale. Poorer people are much more likely to smoke than richer ones—a change from the 1950s, when professionals and laborers were equally keen. Today only 15% of men in the highest professional classes smoke, but 42% of unskined workers do. Despite punitive taxation—20 cigarettes cost around £5.00($10.00), three-quarters of which is tax—55% of single mothers on benefits smoke. The figure for homeless men is even higher; for hard-drug users it is practically 100%. The message that smoking kills has been heard, it seems, but not by all.
Having defeated the big killers of the past—want, exposure, poor sanitation—governments all over the developed world are turning their attention to diseases that stem mostly from how individuals choose to live their lives. But the same deafness afflicts the same people when they are strongly encouraged to give up other sorts of unhealthy behavior. The lower down they are on practically any pecking order—job prestige, income, education, background-the more likely people are to be fat and unfit, and to drink too much.
That tempts governments to shout ever louder in an attempt to get the public to listen and nowhere do they do so more aggressively than in Britain. One reason is that pecking orders matter more than in most other rich countries: income distribution is very unequal and the unemployed, disaffected, ill-educated rump is comparatively large. Another reason is the frustration of a government addicted to targets, which often aim not only to improve something but to lessen inequality in the process. A third is that the National Health Service is free to patients, and paying for those who have arguably brought their ill-health on themselves grows alarmingly costly.
Britain’s aggressiveness, however, may be pointless, even counter-productive. There is no reason to believe that those who ignore measured voices will listen to shouting. It irritates the majority who are already behaving responsibly, and it may also undermine all government pronouncements on health by convincing people that they have an ultra-cautious margin of error built in.
Such hectoring may also be missing the root cause of the problem. According to Mr. Marmot, who cites research on groups as diverse as baboons in captivity, British civil servants and Oscar nominees, the higher rates of ill health among those in more modest walks of life can be attributed to what he calls the "status syndrome". People in privileged positions think they are worth the effort of behaving healthily, and find the will-power to do so. The implication is that it is easier to improve a person’s health by weakening the connection between social position and health than by targeting behavior directly. Same public-health experts speak of social cohesion, support for families and better education for all. These are bigger undertakings than a bossy campaign; but more effective, and quieter.
选项
A、prohibition.
B、strictness.
C、pardon.
D、punishment.
答案
A
解析
含义题。第一段出现最多的近义词群为:no-smoking,anti-smoking,ban smoking。而最后一句意思应该与这个主题一致。同时,本句中写到:吸烟者的旅程从荣耀开始,经历了容忍,到了怀疑,最终将以pariah地位终结。按照程度推测也能看出应该是被禁止的状态。因此,只有prohibition符合这个意思。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/Kl7RFFFM
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Whichofthefollowingconsequencemightbecausedbythe2005emergencyspendingbill?TheimplementationoftheActindiffer
Bysaying"theletter’b’issilentinpronunciation",theauthorwantstoindicatethat______Wecaninferfromthetextthat
Bysaying"theletter’b’issilentinpronunciation",theauthorwantstoindicatethat______Whichofthefollowinghasnoth
(46)Arecentphenomenoninpresent-dayscienceandtechnologyistheincreasingtrendtowards"directed"or"programmed"researc
Whatideadidtheauthorderivefromtherecentopinionpolls?Asaresultoftheenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturies,__
Whatideadidtheauthorderivefromtherecentopinionpolls?Thepassagetellsusthatthearrivaloftheindustrialagemean
Anawkward-lookingcharactersuchasCyranodeBergeracmightsniffatthesuggestion,butrecentscientificresearchshowsbeau
(46)Maybetheyaretooyoungtoknowbetter,ormoreprobablytheyareyoungenoughtoknowbetterthanmost,buttwoInternetm
ThetimehascomeforhumanitytojourneytoMars.We’reready.(46)ThoughMarsisdistant,wearefarbetterpreparedtodayto
Baconandeggs______commonSundaybreakfastinEngland.
随机试题
历史上称蒙古族为()。
林德曼效率又叫______。
A.天麻B.全蝎C.地龙D.僵蚕治疗肺热哮喘,宜首选
以下微量元素属于人体可能必需微量元素的是
患者,男,60岁。胸闷疼痛,痰多气短,肢体沉重,形体肥胖,倦怠乏力,纳呆便溏,苔浊腻,脉滑。治疗应首选()
涉税鉴证事项符合下列()条件,税务师应当出具无保留意见的鉴证业务报告。
劣币是指实际价值()的货币。
行政效率:是指在行政管理中投入的工作量与所获得的行政效果之间的比率,是人们在单位时间内和空间内开展行政活动,获得改造客观世界和主观世界的社会效果。下列不体现行政效率高低的是()。
e6/(1-a)
Oncetheydecidedtohavechildren,MiShelandCarlMeissnertackledthenextbigissue:Shouldtheytrytohaveagirl?Itwas
最新回复
(
0
)