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  3. A world without managers is a nice idea. But teams need leaders, irrespective of the quality of the people in charge. Someone ha

A world without managers is a nice idea. But teams need leaders, irrespective of the quality of the people in charge. Someone ha

admin2022-12-09  88
问题     A world without managers is a nice idea. But teams need leaders, irrespective of the quality of the people in charge. Someone has to take decisions, even if they are bad ones, to prevent the corporate machine gumming up with endless discussions. That is true even of flatter organisations. In a paper published in 2021, researchers described an experiment in which a number of different teams took part in an escape-room challenge. Some randomly selected groups were asked to choose a leader before the task began; the rest were not. The teams with leaders did much better: 63％ of them completed the challenge within an hour, compared with only 44％ of those in the control group.
    The difference between good bosses and bad ones is striking. In one paper published in 2012, a trio of academics looked at the output of workers in a large services company who frequently switched between different supervisors. They found that the gap in output between the best and worst bosses was equivalent to adding an extra person to a nine-member team. Even the average boss enhanced their team’s productivity by enough to justify their higher salary.
    Managers are needed, but they do not have it easy. The job is structurally difficult. Most managers have to meet the expectations, sometimes unreasonable, of people below them and above them. The blurring of work-life boundaries as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic seems to have made life tougher for them. Gallup, a pollster, found that in 2021 managers suffered higher levels of self-reported burnout than workers, and that the gap between these groups had widened considerably over the previous year.
    They are subject to conflicting demands. They are meant to care about members of their teams and be ready to get rid of them. They are supposed to give people agency while making sure that things are done in the way the organization wants. The concept of the "servant leader" is utter nonsense. It is also a reflection of the different directions in which bosses are pulled.
    Managers are also handling the most baffling material on Earth: people. A study conducted by researchers in Germany found that handing out monetary bonuses for good attendance to apprentices in retail stores led to sharp rises in absenteeism (paying for behaviour that was previously considered normal seems to have made people feel licensed to bunk off). The law of unintended consequences runs through the workplace.
    It is true that managers do not save lives or nurture young minds. But the job that managers do is almost always necessary, often unpopular, sometimes done reluctantly and pretty difficult to boot.
According to the research, a good boss may________.
选项 A、switch tasks frequently to improve productivity
B、add new members to a team when necessary
C、better enhance their team performance
D、offer employees much higher salaries
答案C
解析 细节题。根据题干中的a good boss可定位至第二段。第三句提到，the gap in output between the best and worst bosses was equivalent to adding an extra person to a nine-member team (最好的老板和最差的老板之间的团队产出差距相当于给一个九人团队增加了一个人)。从这里可知，好老板是通过自己的团队管理，提高了整个团队的产能，故选项C项正确。A项属于偷换概念，第二句的定语从句who frequently switched between different supervisors (经常更换不同的主管)修饰的是workers(普通员工)，选项说的是好老板会“频繁切换任务”，故排除。B项属于偷换概念，原文说的是“相当于”，并不是真的增加人手，故排除。D项属于主观臆断，最后一句说的是管理者的薪资高是有道理的，并不是说老板给下属高薪资，故排除。故本题答案为C项。
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