首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Shortages of flu vaccine are nothing new in America, but this year’ s is a whopper. Until last week, it appeared that 100 millio
Shortages of flu vaccine are nothing new in America, but this year’ s is a whopper. Until last week, it appeared that 100 millio
admin
2011-01-02
24
问题
Shortages of flu vaccine are nothing new in America, but this year’ s is a whopper. Until last week, it appeared that 100 million Americans would have access to flu shots this fall. Then British authorities, concerned about quality-control problems at a production plant in Liverpool, barred all further shipments by the Chiron Corp. Overnight, the U.S. vaccine supply dwindled by nearly half and federal health officials found themselves making an unusual plea. Instead of beseeching us all to get vaccinated, they’ re now urging most healthy people between the ages of 2 and 64 not to. "This reemphasizes the fragility of our vaccine supply," says Dr. Martin Myers of the National Network for Immunization Information, "and the lack of redundancy in our system."
Why is such a basic health service so easily knocked out? Mainly because private companies have had little incentive to pursue it. To create a single dose of flu vaccine, a manufacturer has to grow live virus in a 2-week-old fertilized chicken egg, then crack the egg, harvest the virus and extract the proteins used to provoke an immune response. Profit margins are narrow, demand is fickle and, because each year’s flu virus is different, any leftover vaccine goes to waste. As a result, the United States now has only two major suppliers ( Chiron and Aventis Pasteur)--and when one of them runs into trouble, there isn’ t much the other can do about it. "A vaccine maker can’t just call up and order 40 million more fertilized eggs," says Manon Cox, of Connecticut-based Protein Sciences Corp. "There’s a whole industry that’s scheduled to produce a certain number of eggs at a certain time. "
Sleeker technologies are now in the works, and experts are hoping that this year’s fiasco will speed the pace of innovation. The main challenge is to shift production from eggs into cell cultures--a medium already used to make most other vaccines. Flu vaccines are harder than most to produce this way, but several biotech companies are now pursuing this strategy, and one culture-based product (Solvay Pharmaceuticals’ Invivac) has been cleared for marketing in Europe.
For Americans, the immediate challenge is to make the most of a limited supply. The government estimates that 95 million people still qualify for shots under the voluntary restrictions announced last week. That’ s nearly twice the number of doses that clinics will have on hand, but only 60 million Americans seek out shots in a normal year. In fact, many experts are hoping the shortage will serve as an awareness campaign--encouraging the people who really need a flu shot to get one.
Private companies have little interest in producing flu vaccines because of ______.
选项
A、complicated process, high cost, low profit and high risk
B、shortages of fertilized chicken eggs
C、difficulty in growing live virus
D、fast changing of flu virus
答案
A
解析
第二段第二句“Mainly because private companies have had little incentive to pursue it.”意思是说“私企生产流感疫苗的积极性不高”。接下来作者介绍了制作疫苗的复杂工序,由此可以推断出流感疫苗生产工艺复杂、成本高。第二段又明确指出了私企不愿意生产流感疫苗的其他原因:利润率低、需求不稳定、此外由于流感病毒每年都不同,因此生产数量不能过大,由此也可推断出生产的风险性大,如果生产多了就会损失很大。因此正确答案为A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://jikaoti.com/ti/HsSsFFFM
本试题收录于:
公共英语五级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语五级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
WhenSpanishfootballclubBarcelonapaidUS$35millionforRonaldinholastsummer,theyweren’tbuyingaprettyface."Iam(51)
HowaTerribleBattleHelpedtoChangeEuropeNinetyyearsagoonasunnymorninginNorthernFrance,somethinghappenedtha
HowaTerribleBattleHelpedtoChangeEuropeNinetyyearsagoonasunnymorninginNorthernFrance,somethinghappenedtha
TheScienceofPersuasionIfleadershipconsistsofgettingthingsdonethroughothers,thenpersuasionisoneoftheleader
TheScienceofPersuasionIfleadershipconsistsofgettingthingsdonethroughothers,thenpersuasionisoneoftheleader
BeautyBeautyhasalwaysbeenregardedassomethingpraiseworthy.Almosteveryonethinksattractivepeoplearehappierandh
SymptomsofPervasiveAnti-IntellectualismAmericanstodaydon’tplaceaveryhighvalueonintellect.Ourheroesareathl
TrafficJams—NoEndinSight1.Trafficcongestion(拥堵)affectspeoplethroughouttheworld.Trafficjamscausesmogindozens
DNAFingerprintingDNAisthegeneticmaterialfoundwithinthecellnucleiofalllivingthings.Inmammalsthestrandsof
随机试题
长期甲状腺激素替代治疗需注意监测
8岁男孩,左膝肿痛,急骤加重,活动剧痛,伴有高热。检查左膝关节明显红、肿、热及压痛。X线片示关节间隙增宽,其诊断首先应考虑为
简述婴幼儿腹泻的易感因素。
健全我国国有资产监管体制的目的是()。
在领导者的生命周期理论中,下属的心理成熟度是指( )。
用山、石、花等将园林中一些不足或丑陋之处加以掩盖或处理,使之变成一种美景的方法叫( )。
中国古代建筑以________、________、________为主色调,并以黄色为最高贵。
假设你在某单位工作,成绩比较突出,得到领导的肯定。但同时你发现同事们越来越孤立你,你怎么看这个问题?你准备怎么办?
校摄影社团在今年的摄影比赛结束后,希望可以借助PowerPoint将优秀作品在社团活动中进行展示。这些优秀的摄影作品保存在考试文件夹中,并以Photo(1)jpg.Photo(12)jpg命名。现在,请你按照如下需求,在PowerPoint中完成制作工作
Whenaninventionismade,theinventorhasthreepossiblecoursesofactionopentohim:hecangivetheinventiontotheworld
最新回复
(
0
)