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  3. The secret to eating less and being happy about it may have been cracked years ago by— Mcdonald’s. According to a new study from

The secret to eating less and being happy about it may have been cracked years ago by— Mcdonald’s. According to a new study from

admin2021-03-29  11
问题        The secret to eating less and being happy about it may have been cracked years ago by— Mcdonald’s. According to a new study from Cornell University’s Food and Brand Lab, small non-food rewards—like the toys in Mcdonald’s Happy Meals—stimulate the same reward centers in the brain as food does.
       The researchers, led by Martin Reimann, carried out a series of experiments to see if people would choose a smaller meal if it was paired with a non-food item.
       They found that the majority of both kids and adults opted for a half-sized portion when combined with a prize. Both options were priced the same.
       Even more interesting is that the promise of a future reward was enough to make adults choose the smaller portion. One of the prizes used was a lottery ticket (彩票), with a $10, $50 or $100 payout, and this was as effective as a tangible gift in persuading people to eat less.
       "The fact that participants were willing to substitute part of a food item for the mere prospect of a relatively small monetary award is interesting," says Reimann.
       He theorizes that it is the emotional component of these intangible prizes that make them effective. In fact, vaguely-stated possibilities of winning a prize were more effective than options with hard odds included.
       "One explanation for this finding is that possible awards may be more emotionally provoking than certainty awards,"says Reimann, "The uncertainty of winning provides added attraction and desirability through emotional ’thrills.’ The possibility of receiving an award also produces a state of hope—a state that is in itself psychologically rewarding." In other words, there’s a reason why people like to gamble.
       How might this knowledge be used to help people eat more healthily?
       One possibility is a healthy option that offers the chance to win a spa(温泉疗养) weekend. Or maybe the reward of a half-sized portion could be a half-sized dessert to be claimed only on a future date. That would get you back in the restaurant—and make you eat a little less.
What do we learn about Mcdonald’s inclusion of toys in its Happy Meals?
选项 A、It may shed light on people’s desire to crack a secret.
B、It has proved to be key to Mcdonald’s business success.
C、It appeals to kid’s curiosity to find out what is hidden inside.
D、It may be a pleasant way for kids to reduce their food intake.
答案D
解析 细节题。文章第一段第一句提到“The secret to eating less and being happy about it may have been cracked years ago by—Mcdonald’s.”可知。吃得少而又能欣然接受的奥秘或许在多年以前就已经被麦当劳破解了。下一句指出“According to a new study from Cornell University’s Food and Brand lab, small non-food rewards—like the toys in Mcdonald’s Happy Meals—stimulale the same reward centers in the brain as food does.”可知，根据康奈尔大学食品与品牌实验室的一项新研究，小小的非食品奖励——比如麦当劳开心乐园餐中的玩具——同样能刺激人的大脑反应中枢，就像食物那样。由此可见，麦当劳开心乐园餐加玩具赠品的做法既让人吃得少又能让人感到高兴，故选D。
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