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  3. The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers larg

The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers larg

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问题     The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most. Private businessmen, striving to make profits, produce these goods and services in competition with other businessmen; and the profit motive, operating under competitive pressures, largely determines how these goods and services are produced. Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.
    An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers. In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and fall in response to relative demands of consumers and supplies offered by seller-producers.
    If the product is in short supply relative to the demand, the price will be bid up and some consumers will be eliminated from the market. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. Thus, price is the regulating mechanism in the America economic system.
    The important factor in a private-enterprise economy is that individual are allowed to own productive resources (private property), and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.
Which of the following is not true according to Paragraph 4?
选项 A、Fewer products will push up the price.
B、More commodities will finally lower the price.
C、More consumers will buy the product if the price is lower.
D、The supply will be reduced too if the cost reduces.
答案D
解析 根据第四段第一句，需求产品供应得少，价格就会上升，因此A正确。第二句提到，商品生产得更多，其生产成本就会降低，这也会增加了产品的供应，进而降低价格，增加消费者购买产品的数量。因此，可以看出选项B正确，选项C也正确，选项D错误。因此，这个题目的正确答案是D选项。
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